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	/*
	* Copyright (c) 1994, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
	* DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
	*
	* This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
	* under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
	* published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
	* particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
	* by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
	*
	* This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
	* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
	* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
	* version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
	* accompanied this code).
	*
	* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
	* 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
	* Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
	*
	* Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
	* or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
	* questions.
	*/
	package java.lang;

	import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
	import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
	import java.io.Console;
	import java.io.FileDescriptor;
	import java.io.FileInputStream;
	import java.io.FileOutputStream;
	import java.io.IOException;
	import java.io.InputStream;
	import java.io.PrintStream;
	import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
	import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
	import java.lang.module.ModuleDescriptor;
	import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
	import java.lang.reflect.Executable;
	import java.lang.reflect.Method;
	import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
	import java.net.URI;
	import java.nio.charset.CharacterCodingException;
	import java.security.AccessControlContext;
	import java.security.ProtectionDomain;
	import java.security.AccessController;
	import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
	import java.nio.channels.Channel;
	import java.nio.channels.spi.SelectorProvider;
	import java.nio.charset.Charset;
	import java.util.Iterator;
	import java.util.List;
	import java.util.Map;
	import java.util.Objects;
	import java.util.Properties;
	import java.util.PropertyPermission;
	import java.util.ResourceBundle;
	import java.util.function.Supplier;
	import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
	import java.util.stream.Stream;

	import jdk.internal.util.StaticProperty;
	import jdk.internal.module.ModuleBootstrap;
	import jdk.internal.module.ServicesCatalog;
	import jdk.internal.reflect.CallerSensitive;
	import jdk.internal.reflect.Reflection;
	import jdk.internal.HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate;
	import jdk.internal.misc.JavaLangAccess;
	import jdk.internal.misc.SharedSecrets;
	import jdk.internal.misc.VM;
	import jdk.internal.logger.LoggerFinderLoader;
	import jdk.internal.logger.LazyLoggers;
	import jdk.internal.logger.LocalizedLoggerWrapper;
	import sun.reflect.annotation.AnnotationType;
	import sun.nio.ch.Interruptible;
	import sun.security.util.SecurityConstants;

	/**
	* The {@code System} class contains several useful class fields
	* and methods. It cannot be instantiated.
	*
	* Among the facilities provided by the {@code System} class
	* are standard input, standard output, and error output streams;
	* access to externally defined properties and environment
	* variables; a means of loading files and libraries; and a utility
	* method for quickly copying a portion of an array.
	*
	* @since 1.0
	*/
	public final class System {
	/* Register the natives via the static initializer.
	*
	* VM will invoke the initializeSystemClass method to complete
	* the initialization for this class separated from clinit.
	* Note that to use properties set by the VM, see the constraints
	* described in the initializeSystemClass method.
	*/
	private static native void registerNatives();
	static {
	registerNatives();
	}

	/** Don't let anyone instantiate this class */
	private System() {
	}

	/**
	* The "standard" input stream. This stream is already
	* open and ready to supply input data. Typically this stream
	* corresponds to keyboard input or another input source specified by
	* the host environment or user.
	*/
	public static final InputStream in = null;

	/**
	* The "standard" output stream. This stream is already
	* open and ready to accept output data. Typically this stream
	* corresponds to display output or another output destination
	* specified by the host environment or user.
	* <p>
	* For simple stand-alone Java applications, a typical way to write
	* a line of output data is:
	* <blockquote><pre>
	* System.out.println(data)
	* </pre></blockquote>
	* <p>
	* See the {@code println} methods in class {@code PrintStream}.
	*
	* @see java.io.PrintStream#println()
	* @see java.io.PrintStream#println(boolean)
	* @see java.io.PrintStream#println(char)
	* @see java.io.PrintStream#println(char[])
	* @see java.io.PrintStream#println(double)
	* @see java.io.PrintStream#println(float)
	* @see java.io.PrintStream#println(int)
	* @see java.io.PrintStream#println(long)
	* @see java.io.PrintStream#println(java.lang.Object)
	* @see java.io.PrintStream#println(java.lang.String)
	*/
	public static final PrintStream out = null;

	/**
	* The "standard" error output stream. This stream is already
	* open and ready to accept output data.
	* <p>
	* Typically this stream corresponds to display output or another
	* output destination specified by the host environment or user. By
	* convention, this output stream is used to display error messages
	* or other information that should come to the immediate attention
	* of a user even if the principal output stream, the value of the
	* variable {@code out}, has been redirected to a file or other
	* destination that is typically not continuously monitored.
	*/
	public static final PrintStream err = null;

	/* The security manager for the system.
	*/
	private static volatile SecurityManager security;

	/**
	* Reassigns the "standard" input stream.
	*
	* First, if there is a security manager, its {@code checkPermission}
	* method is called with a {@code RuntimePermission("setIO")} permission
	* to see if it's ok to reassign the "standard" input stream.
	*
	* @param in the new standard input stream.
	*
	* @throws SecurityException
	* if a security manager exists and its
	* {@code checkPermission} method doesn't allow
	* reassigning of the standard input stream.
	*
	* @see SecurityManager#checkPermission
	* @see java.lang.RuntimePermission
	*
	* @since 1.1
	*/
	public static void setIn(InputStream in) {
	checkIO();
	setIn0(in);
	}

	/**
	* Reassigns the "standard" output stream.
	*
	* First, if there is a security manager, its {@code checkPermission}
	* method is called with a {@code RuntimePermission("setIO")} permission
	* to see if it's ok to reassign the "standard" output stream.
	*
	* @param out the new standard output stream
	*
	* @throws SecurityException
	* if a security manager exists and its
	* {@code checkPermission} method doesn't allow
	* reassigning of the standard output stream.
	*
	* @see SecurityManager#checkPermission
	* @see java.lang.RuntimePermission
	*
	* @since 1.1
	*/
	public static void setOut(PrintStream out) {
	checkIO();
	setOut0(out);
	}

	/**
	* Reassigns the "standard" error output stream.
	*
	* First, if there is a security manager, its {@code checkPermission}
	* method is called with a {@code RuntimePermission("setIO")} permission
	* to see if it's ok to reassign the "standard" error output stream.
	*
	* @param err the new standard error output stream.
	*
	* @throws SecurityException
	* if a security manager exists and its
	* {@code checkPermission} method doesn't allow
	* reassigning of the standard error output stream.
	*
	* @see SecurityManager#checkPermission
	* @see java.lang.RuntimePermission
	*
	* @since 1.1
	*/
	public static void setErr(PrintStream err) {
	checkIO();
	setErr0(err);
	}

	private static volatile Console cons;
	/**
	* Returns the unique {@link java.io.Console Console} object associated
	* with the current Java virtual machine, if any.
	*
	* @return The system console, if any, otherwise {@code null}.
	*
	* @since 1.6
	*/
	public static Console console() {
	Console c;
	if ((c = cons) == null) {
	synchronized (System.class) {
	if ((c = cons) == null) {
	cons = c = SharedSecrets.getJavaIOAccess().console();
	}
	}
	}
	return c;
	}

	/**
	* Returns the channel inherited from the entity that created this
	* Java virtual machine.
	*
	* This method returns the channel obtained by invoking the
	* {@link java.nio.channels.spi.SelectorProvider#inheritedChannel
	* inheritedChannel} method of the system-wide default
	* {@link java.nio.channels.spi.SelectorProvider} object.
	*
	* <p> In addition to the network-oriented channels described in
	* {@link java.nio.channels.spi.SelectorProvider#inheritedChannel
	* inheritedChannel}, this method may return other kinds of
	* channels in the future.
	*
	* @return The inherited channel, if any, otherwise {@code null}.
	*
	* @throws IOException
	* If an I/O error occurs
	*
	* @throws SecurityException
	* If a security manager is present and it does not
	* permit access to the channel.
	*
	* @since 1.5
	*/
	public static Channel inheritedChannel() throws IOException {
	return SelectorProvider.provider().inheritedChannel();
	}

	private static void checkIO() {
	SecurityManager sm = getSecurityManager();
	if (sm != null) {
	sm.checkPermission(new RuntimePermission("setIO"));
	}
	}

	private static native void setIn0(InputStream in);
	private static native void setOut0(PrintStream out);
	private static native void setErr0(PrintStream err);

	/**
	* Sets the System security.
	*
	* If there is a security manager already installed, this method first
	* calls the security manager's {@code checkPermission} method
	* with a {@code RuntimePermission("setSecurityManager")}
	* permission to ensure it's ok to replace the existing
	* security manager.
	* This may result in throwing a {@code SecurityException}.
	*
	* <p> Otherwise, the argument is established as the current
	* security manager. If the argument is {@code null} and no
	* security manager has been established, then no action is taken and
	* the method simply returns.
	*
	* @param s the security manager.
	* @throws SecurityException if the security manager has already
	* been set and its {@code checkPermission} method
	* doesn't allow it to be replaced.
	* @see #getSecurityManager
	* @see SecurityManager#checkPermission
	* @see java.lang.RuntimePermission
	*/
	public static void setSecurityManager(final SecurityManager s) {
	if (security == null) {
	// ensure image reader is initialized
	Object.class.getResource("java/lang/ANY");
	}
	if (s != null) {
	try {
	s.checkPackageAccess("java.lang");
	} catch (Exception e) {
	// no-op
	}
	}
	setSecurityManager0(s);
	}

	private static synchronized
	void setSecurityManager0(final SecurityManager s) {
	SecurityManager sm = getSecurityManager();
	if (sm != null) {
	// ask the currently installed security manager if we
	// can replace it.
	sm.checkPermission(new RuntimePermission
	("setSecurityManager"));
	}

	if ((s != null) && (s.getClass().getClassLoader() != null)) {
	// New security manager class is not on bootstrap classpath.
	// Cause policy to get initialized before we install the new
	// security manager, in order to prevent infinite loops when
	// trying to initialize the policy (which usually involves
	// accessing some security and/or system properties, which in turn
	// calls the installed security manager's checkPermission method
	// which will loop infinitely if there is a non-system class
	// (in this case: the new security manager class) on the stack).
	AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<>() {
	public Object run() {
	s.getClass().getProtectionDomain().implies
	(SecurityConstants.ALL_PERMISSION);
	return null;
	}
	});
	}

	security = s;
	}

	/**
	* Gets the system security interface.
	*
	* @return if a security manager has already been established for the
	* current application, then that security manager is returned;
	* otherwise, {@code null} is returned.
	* @see #setSecurityManager
	*/
	public static SecurityManager getSecurityManager() {
	return security;
	}

	/**
	* Returns the current time in milliseconds. Note that
	* while the unit of time of the return value is a millisecond,
	* the granularity of the value depends on the underlying
	* operating system and may be larger. For example, many
	* operating systems measure time in units of tens of
	* milliseconds.
	*
	* <p> See the description of the class {@code Date} for
	* a discussion of slight discrepancies that may arise between
	* "computer time" and coordinated universal time (UTC).
	*
	* @return the difference, measured in milliseconds, between
	* the current time and midnight, January 1, 1970 UTC.
	* @see java.util.Date
	*/
	@HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate
	public static native long currentTimeMillis();

	/**
	* Returns the current value of the running Java Virtual Machine's
	* high-resolution time source, in nanoseconds.
	*
	* This method can only be used to measure elapsed time and is
	* not related to any other notion of system or wall-clock time.
	* The value returned represents nanoseconds since some fixed but
	* arbitrary <i>origin</i> time (perhaps in the future, so values
	* may be negative). The same origin is used by all invocations of
	* this method in an instance of a Java virtual machine; other
	* virtual machine instances are likely to use a different origin.
	*
	* <p>This method provides nanosecond precision, but not necessarily
	* nanosecond resolution (that is, how frequently the value changes)
	* - no guarantees are made except that the resolution is at least as
	* good as that of {@link #currentTimeMillis()}.
	*
	* <p>Differences in successive calls that span greater than
	* approximately 292 years (2<sup>63</sup> nanoseconds) will not
	* correctly compute elapsed time due to numerical overflow.
	*
	* <p>The values returned by this method become meaningful only when
	* the difference between two such values, obtained within the same
	* instance of a Java virtual machine, is computed.
	*
	* <p>For example, to measure how long some code takes to execute:
	* <pre> {@code
	* long startTime = System.nanoTime();
	* // ... the code being measured ...
	* long elapsedNanos = System.nanoTime() - startTime;}</pre>
	*
	* <p>To compare elapsed time against a timeout, use <pre> {@code
	* if (System.nanoTime() - startTime >= timeoutNanos) ...}</pre>
	* instead of <pre> {@code
	* if (System.nanoTime() >= startTime + timeoutNanos) ...}</pre>
	* because of the possibility of numerical overflow.
	*
	* @return the current value of the running Java Virtual Machine's
	* high-resolution time source, in nanoseconds
	* @since 1.5
	*/
	@HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate
	public static native long nanoTime();

	/**
	* Copies an array from the specified source array, beginning at the
	* specified position, to the specified position of the destination array.
	* A subsequence of array components are copied from the source
	* array referenced by {@code src} to the destination array
	* referenced by {@code dest}. The number of components copied is
	* equal to the {@code length} argument. The components at
	* positions {@code srcPos} through
	* {@code srcPos+length-1} in the source array are copied into
	* positions {@code destPos} through
	* {@code destPos+length-1}, respectively, of the destination
	* array.
	* <p>
	* If the {@code src} and {@code dest} arguments refer to the
	* same array object, then the copying is performed as if the
	* components at positions {@code srcPos} through
	* {@code srcPos+length-1} were first copied to a temporary
	* array with {@code length} components and then the contents of
	* the temporary array were copied into positions
	* {@code destPos} through {@code destPos+length-1} of the
	* destination array.
	* <p>
	* If {@code dest} is {@code null}, then a
	* {@code NullPointerException} is thrown.
	* <p>
	* If {@code src} is {@code null}, then a
	* {@code NullPointerException} is thrown and the destination
	* array is not modified.
	* <p>
	* Otherwise, if any of the following is true, an
	* {@code ArrayStoreException} is thrown and the destination is
	* not modified:
	* <ul>
	* <li>The {@code src} argument refers to an object that is not an
	* array.
	* <li>The {@code dest} argument refers to an object that is not an
	* array.
	* <li>The {@code src} argument and {@code dest} argument refer
	* to arrays whose component types are different primitive types.
	* <li>The {@code src} argument refers to an array with a primitive
	* component type and the {@code dest} argument refers to an array
	* with a reference component type.
	* <li>The {@code src} argument refers to an array with a reference
	* component type and the {@code dest} argument refers to an array
	* with a primitive component type.
	* </ul>
	* <p>
	* Otherwise, if any of the following is true, an
	* {@code IndexOutOfBoundsException} is
	* thrown and the destination is not modified:
	* <ul>
	* <li>The {@code srcPos} argument is negative.
	* <li>The {@code destPos} argument is negative.
	* <li>The {@code length} argument is negative.
	* <li>{@code srcPos+length} is greater than
	* {@code src.length}, the length of the source array.
	* <li>{@code destPos+length} is greater than
	* {@code dest.length}, the length of the destination array.
	* </ul>
	* <p>
	* Otherwise, if any actual component of the source array from
	* position {@code srcPos} through
	* {@code srcPos+length-1} cannot be converted to the component
	* type of the destination array by assignment conversion, an
	* {@code ArrayStoreException} is thrown. In this case, let
	* <b><i>k</i></b> be the smallest nonnegative integer less than
	* length such that {@code src[srcPos+}<i>k</i>{@code ]}
	* cannot be converted to the component type of the destination
	* array; when the exception is thrown, source array components from
	* positions {@code srcPos} through
	* {@code srcPos+}<i>k</i>{@code -1}
	* will already have been copied to destination array positions
	* {@code destPos} through
	* {@code destPos+}<i>k</I>{@code -1} and no other
	* positions of the destination array will have been modified.
	* (Because of the restrictions already itemized, this
	* paragraph effectively applies only to the situation where both
	* arrays have component types that are reference types.)
	*
	* @param src the source array.
	* @param srcPos starting position in the source array.
	* @param dest the destination array.
	* @param destPos starting position in the destination data.
	* @param length the number of array elements to be copied.
	* @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if copying would cause
	* access of data outside array bounds.
	* @throws ArrayStoreException if an element in the {@code src}
	* array could not be stored into the {@code dest} array
	* because of a type mismatch.
	* @throws NullPointerException if either {@code src} or
	* {@code dest} is {@code null}.
	*/
	@HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate
	public static native void arraycopy(Object src, int srcPos,
	Object dest, int destPos,
	int length);

	/**
	* Returns the same hash code for the given object as
	* would be returned by the default method hashCode(),
	* whether or not the given object's class overrides
	* hashCode().
	* The hash code for the null reference is zero.
	*
	* @param x object for which the hashCode is to be calculated
	* @return the hashCode
	* @since 1.1
	* @see Object#hashCode
	* @see java.util.Objects#hashCode(Object)
	*/
	@HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate
	public static native int identityHashCode(Object x);

	/**
	* System properties. The following properties are guaranteed to be defined:
	* <dl>
	* <dt>java.version <dd>Java version number
	* <dt>java.version.date <dd>Java version date
	* <dt>java.vendor <dd>Java vendor specific string
	* <dt>java.vendor.url <dd>Java vendor URL
	* <dt>java.vendor.version <dd>Java vendor version
	* <dt>java.home <dd>Java installation directory
	* <dt>java.class.version <dd>Java class version number
	* <dt>java.class.path <dd>Java classpath
	* <dt>os.name <dd>Operating System Name
	* <dt>os.arch <dd>Operating System Architecture
	* <dt>os.version <dd>Operating System Version
	* <dt>file.separator <dd>File separator ("/" on Unix)
	* <dt>path.separator <dd>Path separator (":" on Unix)
	* <dt>line.separator <dd>Line separator ("\n" on Unix)
	* <dt>user.name <dd>User account name
	* <dt>user.home <dd>User home directory
	* <dt>user.dir <dd>User's current working directory
	* </dl>
	*/

	private static Properties props;
	private static native Properties initProperties(Properties props);

	/**
	* Determines the current system properties.
	*
	* First, if there is a security manager, its
	* {@code checkPropertiesAccess} method is called with no
	* arguments. This may result in a security exception.
	* <p>
	* The current set of system properties for use by the
	* {@link #getProperty(String)} method is returned as a
	* {@code Properties} object. If there is no current set of
	* system properties, a set of system properties is first created and
	* initialized. This set of system properties always includes values
	* for the following keys:
	* <table class="striped" style="text-align:left">
	* <caption style="display:none">Shows property keys and associated values</caption>
	* <thead>
	* <tr><th scope="col">Key</th>
	* <th scope="col">Description of Associated Value</th></tr>
	* </thead>
	* <tbody>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code java.version}</th>
	* <td>Java Runtime Environment version, which may be interpreted
	* as a {@link Runtime.Version}</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code java.version.date}</th>
	* <td>Java Runtime Environment version date, in ISO-8601 YYYY-MM-DD
	* format, which may be interpreted as a {@link
	* java.time.LocalDate}</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code java.vendor}</th>
	* <td>Java Runtime Environment vendor</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code java.vendor.url}</th>
	* <td>Java vendor URL</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code java.vendor.version}</th>
	* <td>Java vendor version</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code java.home}</th>
	* <td>Java installation directory</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code java.vm.specification.version}</th>
	* <td>Java Virtual Machine specification version, whose value is the
	* {@linkplain Runtime.Version#feature feature} element of the
	* {@linkplain Runtime#version() runtime version}</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code java.vm.specification.vendor}</th>
	* <td>Java Virtual Machine specification vendor</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code java.vm.specification.name}</th>
	* <td>Java Virtual Machine specification name</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code java.vm.version}</th>
	* <td>Java Virtual Machine implementation version which may be
	* interpreted as a {@link Runtime.Version}</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code java.vm.vendor}</th>
	* <td>Java Virtual Machine implementation vendor</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code java.vm.name}</th>
	* <td>Java Virtual Machine implementation name</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code java.specification.version}</th>
	* <td>Java Runtime Environment specification version, whose value is
	* the {@linkplain Runtime.Version#feature feature} element of the
	* {@linkplain Runtime#version() runtime version}</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code java.specification.vendor}</th>
	* <td>Java Runtime Environment specification vendor</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code java.specification.name}</th>
	* <td>Java Runtime Environment specification name</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code java.class.version}</th>
	* <td>Java class format version number</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code java.class.path}</th>
	* <td>Java class path (refer to
	* {@link ClassLoader#getSystemClassLoader()} for details)</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code java.library.path}</th>
	* <td>List of paths to search when loading libraries</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code java.io.tmpdir}</th>
	* <td>Default temp file path</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code java.compiler}</th>
	* <td>Name of JIT compiler to use</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code os.name}</th>
	* <td>Operating system name</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code os.arch}</th>
	* <td>Operating system architecture</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code os.version}</th>
	* <td>Operating system version</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code file.separator}</th>
	* <td>File separator ("/" on UNIX)</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code path.separator}</th>
	* <td>Path separator (":" on UNIX)</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code line.separator}</th>
	* <td>Line separator ("\n" on UNIX)</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code user.name}</th>
	* <td>User's account name</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code user.home}</th>
	* <td>User's home directory</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code user.dir}</th>
	* <td>User's current working directory</td></tr>
	* </tbody>
	* </table>
	* <p>
	* Multiple paths in a system property value are separated by the path
	* separator character of the platform.
	* <p>
	* Note that even if the security manager does not permit the
	* {@code getProperties} operation, it may choose to permit the
	* {@link #getProperty(String)} operation.
	*
	* @apiNote
	* <strong>Changing a standard system property may have unpredictable results
	* unless otherwise specified.</strong>
	* Property values may be cached during initialization or on first use.
	* Setting a standard property after initialization using {@link #getProperties()},
	* {@link #setProperties(Properties)}, {@link #setProperty(String, String)}, or
	* {@link #clearProperty(String)} may not have the desired effect.
	*
	* @implNote
	* In addition to the standard system properties, the system
	* properties may include the following keys:
	* <table class="striped">
	* <caption style="display:none">Shows property keys and associated values</caption>
	* <thead>
	* <tr><th scope="col">Key</th>
	* <th scope="col">Description of Associated Value</th></tr>
	* </thead>
	* <tbody>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code jdk.module.path}</th>
	* <td>The application module path</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code jdk.module.upgrade.path}</th>
	* <td>The upgrade module path</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code jdk.module.main}</th>
	* <td>The module name of the initial/main module</td></tr>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@code jdk.module.main.class}</th>
	* <td>The main class name of the initial module</td></tr>
	* </tbody>
	* </table>
	*
	* @return the system properties
	* @throws SecurityException if a security manager exists and its
	* {@code checkPropertiesAccess} method doesn't allow access
	* to the system properties.
	* @see #setProperties
	* @see java.lang.SecurityException
	* @see java.lang.SecurityManager#checkPropertiesAccess()
	* @see java.util.Properties
	*/
	public static Properties getProperties() {
	SecurityManager sm = getSecurityManager();
	if (sm != null) {
	sm.checkPropertiesAccess();
	}

	return props;
	}

	/**
	* Returns the system-dependent line separator string. It always
	* returns the same value - the initial value of the {@linkplain
	* #getProperty(String) system property} {@code line.separator}.
	*
	* <p>On UNIX systems, it returns {@code "\n"}; on Microsoft
	* Windows systems it returns {@code "\r\n"}.
	*
	* @return the system-dependent line separator string
	* @since 1.7
	*/
	public static String lineSeparator() {
	return lineSeparator;
	}

	private static String lineSeparator;

	/**
	* Sets the system properties to the {@code Properties} argument.
	*
	* First, if there is a security manager, its
	* {@code checkPropertiesAccess} method is called with no
	* arguments. This may result in a security exception.
	* <p>
	* The argument becomes the current set of system properties for use
	* by the {@link #getProperty(String)} method. If the argument is
	* {@code null}, then the current set of system properties is
	* forgotten.
	*
	* @apiNote
	* <strong>Changing a standard system property may have unpredictable results
	* unless otherwise specified</strong>.
	* See {@linkplain #getProperties getProperties} for details.
	*
	* @param props the new system properties.
	* @throws SecurityException if a security manager exists and its
	* {@code checkPropertiesAccess} method doesn't allow access
	* to the system properties.
	* @see #getProperties
	* @see java.util.Properties
	* @see java.lang.SecurityException
	* @see java.lang.SecurityManager#checkPropertiesAccess()
	*/
	public static void setProperties(Properties props) {
	SecurityManager sm = getSecurityManager();
	if (sm != null) {
	sm.checkPropertiesAccess();
	}
	if (props == null) {
	props = new Properties();
	initProperties(props);
	}
	System.props = props;
	}

	/**
	* Gets the system property indicated by the specified key.
	*
	* First, if there is a security manager, its
	* {@code checkPropertyAccess} method is called with the key as
	* its argument. This may result in a SecurityException.
	* <p>
	* If there is no current set of system properties, a set of system
	* properties is first created and initialized in the same manner as
	* for the {@code getProperties} method.
	*
	* @apiNote
	* <strong>Changing a standard system property may have unpredictable results
	* unless otherwise specified</strong>.
	* See {@linkplain #getProperties getProperties} for details.
	*
	* @param key the name of the system property.
	* @return the string value of the system property,
	* or {@code null} if there is no property with that key.
	*
	* @throws SecurityException if a security manager exists and its
	* {@code checkPropertyAccess} method doesn't allow
	* access to the specified system property.
	* @throws NullPointerException if {@code key} is {@code null}.
	* @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code key} is empty.
	* @see #setProperty
	* @see java.lang.SecurityException
	* @see java.lang.SecurityManager#checkPropertyAccess(java.lang.String)
	* @see java.lang.System#getProperties()
	*/
	public static String getProperty(String key) {
	checkKey(key);
	SecurityManager sm = getSecurityManager();
	if (sm != null) {
	sm.checkPropertyAccess(key);
	}

	return props.getProperty(key);
	}

	/**
	* Gets the system property indicated by the specified key.
	*
	* First, if there is a security manager, its
	* {@code checkPropertyAccess} method is called with the
	* {@code key} as its argument.
	* <p>
	* If there is no current set of system properties, a set of system
	* properties is first created and initialized in the same manner as
	* for the {@code getProperties} method.
	*
	* @param key the name of the system property.
	* @param def a default value.
	* @return the string value of the system property,
	* or the default value if there is no property with that key.
	*
	* @throws SecurityException if a security manager exists and its
	* {@code checkPropertyAccess} method doesn't allow
	* access to the specified system property.
	* @throws NullPointerException if {@code key} is {@code null}.
	* @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code key} is empty.
	* @see #setProperty
	* @see java.lang.SecurityManager#checkPropertyAccess(java.lang.String)
	* @see java.lang.System#getProperties()
	*/
	public static String getProperty(String key, String def) {
	checkKey(key);
	SecurityManager sm = getSecurityManager();
	if (sm != null) {
	sm.checkPropertyAccess(key);
	}

	return props.getProperty(key, def);
	}

	/**
	* Sets the system property indicated by the specified key.
	*
	* First, if a security manager exists, its
	* {@code SecurityManager.checkPermission} method
	* is called with a {@code PropertyPermission(key, "write")}
	* permission. This may result in a SecurityException being thrown.
	* If no exception is thrown, the specified property is set to the given
	* value.
	*
	* @apiNote
	* <strong>Changing a standard system property may have unpredictable results
	* unless otherwise specified</strong>.
	* See {@linkplain #getProperties getProperties} for details.
	*
	* @param key the name of the system property.
	* @param value the value of the system property.
	* @return the previous value of the system property,
	* or {@code null} if it did not have one.
	*
	* @throws SecurityException if a security manager exists and its
	* {@code checkPermission} method doesn't allow
	* setting of the specified property.
	* @throws NullPointerException if {@code key} or
	* {@code value} is {@code null}.
	* @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code key} is empty.
	* @see #getProperty
	* @see java.lang.System#getProperty(java.lang.String)
	* @see java.lang.System#getProperty(java.lang.String, java.lang.String)
	* @see java.util.PropertyPermission
	* @see SecurityManager#checkPermission
	* @since 1.2
	*/
	public static String setProperty(String key, String value) {
	checkKey(key);
	SecurityManager sm = getSecurityManager();
	if (sm != null) {
	sm.checkPermission(new PropertyPermission(key,
	SecurityConstants.PROPERTY_WRITE_ACTION));
	}

	return (String) props.setProperty(key, value);
	}

	/**
	* Removes the system property indicated by the specified key.
	*
	* First, if a security manager exists, its
	* {@code SecurityManager.checkPermission} method
	* is called with a {@code PropertyPermission(key, "write")}
	* permission. This may result in a SecurityException being thrown.
	* If no exception is thrown, the specified property is removed.
	*
	* @apiNote
	* <strong>Changing a standard system property may have unpredictable results
	* unless otherwise specified</strong>.
	* See {@linkplain #getProperties getProperties} method for details.
	*
	* @param key the name of the system property to be removed.
	* @return the previous string value of the system property,
	* or {@code null} if there was no property with that key.
	*
	* @throws SecurityException if a security manager exists and its
	* {@code checkPropertyAccess} method doesn't allow
	* access to the specified system property.
	* @throws NullPointerException if {@code key} is {@code null}.
	* @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code key} is empty.
	* @see #getProperty
	* @see #setProperty
	* @see java.util.Properties
	* @see java.lang.SecurityException
	* @see java.lang.SecurityManager#checkPropertiesAccess()
	* @since 1.5
	*/
	public static String clearProperty(String key) {
	checkKey(key);
	SecurityManager sm = getSecurityManager();
	if (sm != null) {
	sm.checkPermission(new PropertyPermission(key, "write"));
	}

	return (String) props.remove(key);
	}

	private static void checkKey(String key) {
	if (key == null) {
	throw new NullPointerException("key can't be null");
	}
	if (key.equals("")) {
	throw new IllegalArgumentException("key can't be empty");
	}
	}

	/**
	* Gets the value of the specified environment variable. An
	* environment variable is a system-dependent external named
	* value.
	*
	* <p>If a security manager exists, its
	* {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission checkPermission}
	* method is called with a
	* {@code {@link RuntimePermission}("getenv."+name)}
	* permission. This may result in a {@link SecurityException}
	* being thrown. If no exception is thrown the value of the
	* variable {@code name} is returned.
	*
	* <p><a id="EnvironmentVSSystemProperties"><i>System
	* properties</i> and <i>environment variables</i></a> are both
	* conceptually mappings between names and values. Both
	* mechanisms can be used to pass user-defined information to a
	* Java process. Environment variables have a more global effect,
	* because they are visible to all descendants of the process
	* which defines them, not just the immediate Java subprocess.
	* They can have subtly different semantics, such as case
	* insensitivity, on different operating systems. For these
	* reasons, environment variables are more likely to have
	* unintended side effects. It is best to use system properties
	* where possible. Environment variables should be used when a
	* global effect is desired, or when an external system interface
	* requires an environment variable (such as {@code PATH}).
	*
	* <p>On UNIX systems the alphabetic case of {@code name} is
	* typically significant, while on Microsoft Windows systems it is
	* typically not. For example, the expression
	* {@code System.getenv("FOO").equals(System.getenv("foo"))}
	* is likely to be true on Microsoft Windows.
	*
	* @param name the name of the environment variable
	* @return the string value of the variable, or {@code null}
	* if the variable is not defined in the system environment
	* @throws NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
	* @throws SecurityException
	* if a security manager exists and its
	* {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission checkPermission}
	* method doesn't allow access to the environment variable
	* {@code name}
	* @see #getenv()
	* @see ProcessBuilder#environment()
	*/
	public static String getenv(String name) {
	SecurityManager sm = getSecurityManager();
	if (sm != null) {
	sm.checkPermission(new RuntimePermission("getenv."+name));
	}

	return ProcessEnvironment.getenv(name);
	}


	/**
	* Returns an unmodifiable string map view of the current system environment.
	* The environment is a system-dependent mapping from names to
	* values which is passed from parent to child processes.
	*
	* <p>If the system does not support environment variables, an
	* empty map is returned.
	*
	* <p>The returned map will never contain null keys or values.
	* Attempting to query the presence of a null key or value will
	* throw a {@link NullPointerException}. Attempting to query
	* the presence of a key or value which is not of type
	* {@link String} will throw a {@link ClassCastException}.
	*
	* <p>The returned map and its collection views may not obey the
	* general contract of the {@link Object#equals} and
	* {@link Object#hashCode} methods.
	*
	* <p>The returned map is typically case-sensitive on all platforms.
	*
	* <p>If a security manager exists, its
	* {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission checkPermission}
	* method is called with a
	* {@code {@link RuntimePermission}("getenv.*")} permission.
	* This may result in a {@link SecurityException} being thrown.
	*
	* <p>When passing information to a Java subprocess,
	* <a href=#EnvironmentVSSystemProperties>system properties</a>
	* are generally preferred over environment variables.
	*
	* @return the environment as a map of variable names to values
	* @throws SecurityException
	* if a security manager exists and its
	* {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission checkPermission}
	* method doesn't allow access to the process environment
	* @see #getenv(String)
	* @see ProcessBuilder#environment()
	* @since 1.5
	*/
	public static java.util.Map<String,String> getenv() {
	SecurityManager sm = getSecurityManager();
	if (sm != null) {
	sm.checkPermission(new RuntimePermission("getenv.*"));
	}

	return ProcessEnvironment.getenv();
	}

	/**
	* {@code System.Logger} instances log messages that will be
	* routed to the underlying logging framework the {@link System.LoggerFinder
	* LoggerFinder} uses.
	*
	* {@code System.Logger} instances are typically obtained from
	* the {@link java.lang.System System} class, by calling
	* {@link java.lang.System#getLogger(java.lang.String) System.getLogger(loggerName)}
	* or {@link java.lang.System#getLogger(java.lang.String, java.util.ResourceBundle)
	* System.getLogger(loggerName, bundle)}.
	*
	* @see java.lang.System#getLogger(java.lang.String)
	* @see java.lang.System#getLogger(java.lang.String, java.util.ResourceBundle)
	* @see java.lang.System.LoggerFinder
	*
	* @since 9
	*/
	public interface Logger {

	/**
	* System {@linkplain Logger loggers} levels.
	*
	* A level has a {@linkplain #getName() name} and {@linkplain
	* #getSeverity() severity}.
	* Level values are {@link #ALL}, {@link #TRACE}, {@link #DEBUG},
	* {@link #INFO}, {@link #WARNING}, {@link #ERROR}, {@link #OFF},
	* by order of increasing severity.
	* <br>
	* {@link #ALL} and {@link #OFF}
	* are simple markers with severities mapped respectively to
	* {@link java.lang.Integer#MIN_VALUE Integer.MIN_VALUE} and
	* {@link java.lang.Integer#MAX_VALUE Integer.MAX_VALUE}.
	* <p>
	* <b>Severity values and Mapping to {@code java.util.logging.Level}.</b>
	* <p>
	* {@linkplain System.Logger.Level System logger levels} are mapped to
	* {@linkplain java.util.logging.Level java.util.logging levels}
	* of corresponding severity.
	* <br>The mapping is as follows:
	* <br><br>
	* <table class="striped">
	* <caption>System.Logger Severity Level Mapping</caption>
	* <thead>
	* <tr><th scope="col">System.Logger Levels</th>
	* <th scope="col">java.util.logging Levels</th>
	* </thead>
	* <tbody>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@link Logger.Level#ALL ALL}</th>
	* <td>{@link java.util.logging.Level#ALL ALL}</td>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@link Logger.Level#TRACE TRACE}</th>
	* <td>{@link java.util.logging.Level#FINER FINER}</td>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@link Logger.Level#DEBUG DEBUG}</th>
	* <td>{@link java.util.logging.Level#FINE FINE}</td>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@link Logger.Level#INFO INFO}</th>
	* <td>{@link java.util.logging.Level#INFO INFO}</td>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@link Logger.Level#WARNING WARNING}</th>
	* <td>{@link java.util.logging.Level#WARNING WARNING}</td>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@link Logger.Level#ERROR ERROR}</th>
	* <td>{@link java.util.logging.Level#SEVERE SEVERE}</td>
	* <tr><th scope="row">{@link Logger.Level#OFF OFF}</th>
	* <td>{@link java.util.logging.Level#OFF OFF}</td>
	* </tbody>
	* </table>
	*
	* @since 9
	*
	* @see java.lang.System.LoggerFinder
	* @see java.lang.System.Logger
	*/
	public enum Level {

	// for convenience, we're reusing java.util.logging.Level int values
	// the mapping logic in sun.util.logging.PlatformLogger depends
	// on this.
	/**
	* A marker to indicate that all levels are enabled.
	* This level {@linkplain #getSeverity() severity} is
	* {@link Integer#MIN_VALUE}.
	*/
	ALL(Integer.MIN_VALUE), // typically mapped to/from j.u.l.Level.ALL
	/**
	* {@code TRACE} level: usually used to log diagnostic information.
	* This level {@linkplain #getSeverity() severity} is
	* {@code 400}.
	*/
	TRACE(400), // typically mapped to/from j.u.l.Level.FINER
	/**
	* {@code DEBUG} level: usually used to log debug information traces.
	* This level {@linkplain #getSeverity() severity} is
	* {@code 500}.
	*/
	DEBUG(500), // typically mapped to/from j.u.l.Level.FINEST/FINE/CONFIG
	/**
	* {@code INFO} level: usually used to log information messages.
	* This level {@linkplain #getSeverity() severity} is
	* {@code 800}.
	*/
	INFO(800), // typically mapped to/from j.u.l.Level.INFO
	/**
	* {@code WARNING} level: usually used to log warning messages.
	* This level {@linkplain #getSeverity() severity} is
	* {@code 900}.
	*/
	WARNING(900), // typically mapped to/from j.u.l.Level.WARNING
	/**
	* {@code ERROR} level: usually used to log error messages.
	* This level {@linkplain #getSeverity() severity} is
	* {@code 1000}.
	*/
	ERROR(1000), // typically mapped to/from j.u.l.Level.SEVERE
	/**
	* A marker to indicate that all levels are disabled.
	* This level {@linkplain #getSeverity() severity} is
	* {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE}.
	*/
	OFF(Integer.MAX_VALUE); // typically mapped to/from j.u.l.Level.OFF

	private final int severity;

	private Level(int severity) {
	this.severity = severity;
	}

	/**
	* Returns the name of this level.
	* @return this level {@linkplain #name()}.
	*/
	public final String getName() {
	return name();
	}

	/**
	* Returns the severity of this level.
	* A higher severity means a more severe condition.
	* @return this level severity.
	*/
	public final int getSeverity() {
	return severity;
	}
	}

	/**
	* Returns the name of this logger.
	*
	* @return the logger name.
	*/
	public String getName();

	/**
	* Checks if a message of the given level would be logged by
	* this logger.
	*
	* @param level the log message level.
	* @return {@code true} if the given log message level is currently
	* being logged.
	*
	* @throws NullPointerException if {@code level} is {@code null}.
	*/
	public boolean isLoggable(Level level);

	/**
	* Logs a message.
	*
	* @implSpec The default implementation for this method calls
	* {@code this.log(level, (ResourceBundle)null, msg, (Object[])null);}
	*
	* @param level the log message level.
	* @param msg the string message (or a key in the message catalog, if
	* this logger is a {@link
	* LoggerFinder#getLocalizedLogger(java.lang.String,
	* java.util.ResourceBundle, java.lang.Module) localized logger});
	* can be {@code null}.
	*
	* @throws NullPointerException if {@code level} is {@code null}.
	*/
	public default void log(Level level, String msg) {
	log(level, (ResourceBundle) null, msg, (Object[]) null);
	}

	/**
	* Logs a lazily supplied message.
	*
	* If the logger is currently enabled for the given log message level
	* then a message is logged that is the result produced by the
	* given supplier function. Otherwise, the supplier is not operated on.
	*
	* @implSpec When logging is enabled for the given level, the default
	* implementation for this method calls
	* {@code this.log(level, (ResourceBundle)null, msgSupplier.get(), (Object[])null);}
	*
	* @param level the log message level.
	* @param msgSupplier a supplier function that produces a message.
	*
	* @throws NullPointerException if {@code level} is {@code null},
	* or {@code msgSupplier} is {@code null}.
	*/
	public default void log(Level level, Supplier<String> msgSupplier) {
	Objects.requireNonNull(msgSupplier);
	if (isLoggable(Objects.requireNonNull(level))) {
	log(level, (ResourceBundle) null, msgSupplier.get(), (Object[]) null);
	}
	}

	/**
	* Logs a message produced from the given object.
	*
	* If the logger is currently enabled for the given log message level then
	* a message is logged that, by default, is the result produced from
	* calling toString on the given object.
	* Otherwise, the object is not operated on.
	*
	* @implSpec When logging is enabled for the given level, the default
	* implementation for this method calls
	* {@code this.log(level, (ResourceBundle)null, obj.toString(), (Object[])null);}
	*
	* @param level the log message level.
	* @param obj the object to log.
	*
	* @throws NullPointerException if {@code level} is {@code null}, or
	* {@code obj} is {@code null}.
	*/
	public default void log(Level level, Object obj) {
	Objects.requireNonNull(obj);
	if (isLoggable(Objects.requireNonNull(level))) {
	this.log(level, (ResourceBundle) null, obj.toString(), (Object[]) null);
	}
	}

	/**
	* Logs a message associated with a given throwable.
	*
	* @implSpec The default implementation for this method calls
	* {@code this.log(level, (ResourceBundle)null, msg, thrown);}
	*
	* @param level the log message level.
	* @param msg the string message (or a key in the message catalog, if
	* this logger is a {@link
	* LoggerFinder#getLocalizedLogger(java.lang.String,
	* java.util.ResourceBundle, java.lang.Module) localized logger});
	* can be {@code null}.
	* @param thrown a {@code Throwable} associated with the log message;
	* can be {@code null}.
	*
	* @throws NullPointerException if {@code level} is {@code null}.
	*/
	public default void log(Level level, String msg, Throwable thrown) {
	this.log(level, null, msg, thrown);
	}

	/**
	* Logs a lazily supplied message associated with a given throwable.
	*
	* If the logger is currently enabled for the given log message level
	* then a message is logged that is the result produced by the
	* given supplier function. Otherwise, the supplier is not operated on.
	*
	* @implSpec When logging is enabled for the given level, the default
	* implementation for this method calls
	* {@code this.log(level, (ResourceBundle)null, msgSupplier.get(), thrown);}
	*
	* @param level one of the log message level identifiers.
	* @param msgSupplier a supplier function that produces a message.
	* @param thrown a {@code Throwable} associated with log message;
	* can be {@code null}.
	*
	* @throws NullPointerException if {@code level} is {@code null}, or
	* {@code msgSupplier} is {@code null}.
	*/
	public default void log(Level level, Supplier<String> msgSupplier,
	Throwable thrown) {
	Objects.requireNonNull(msgSupplier);
	if (isLoggable(Objects.requireNonNull(level))) {
	this.log(level, null, msgSupplier.get(), thrown);
	}
	}

	/**
	* Logs a message with an optional list of parameters.
	*
	* @implSpec The default implementation for this method calls
	* {@code this.log(level, (ResourceBundle)null, format, params);}
	*
	* @param level one of the log message level identifiers.
	* @param format the string message format in {@link
	* java.text.MessageFormat} format, (or a key in the message
	* catalog, if this logger is a {@link
	* LoggerFinder#getLocalizedLogger(java.lang.String,
	* java.util.ResourceBundle, java.lang.Module) localized logger});
	* can be {@code null}.
	* @param params an optional list of parameters to the message (may be
	* none).
	*
	* @throws NullPointerException if {@code level} is {@code null}.
	*/
	public default void log(Level level, String format, Object... params) {
	this.log(level, null, format, params);
	}

	/**
	* Logs a localized message associated with a given throwable.
	*
	* If the given resource bundle is non-{@code null}, the {@code msg}
	* string is localized using the given resource bundle.
	* Otherwise the {@code msg} string is not localized.
	*
	* @param level the log message level.
	* @param bundle a resource bundle to localize {@code msg}; can be
	* {@code null}.
	* @param msg the string message (or a key in the message catalog,
	* if {@code bundle} is not {@code null}); can be {@code null}.
	* @param thrown a {@code Throwable} associated with the log message;
	* can be {@code null}.
	*
	* @throws NullPointerException if {@code level} is {@code null}.
	*/
	public void log(Level level, ResourceBundle bundle, String msg,
	Throwable thrown);

	/**
	* Logs a message with resource bundle and an optional list of
	* parameters.
	*
	* If the given resource bundle is non-{@code null}, the {@code format}
	* string is localized using the given resource bundle.
	* Otherwise the {@code format} string is not localized.
	*
	* @param level the log message level.
	* @param bundle a resource bundle to localize {@code format}; can be
	* {@code null}.
	* @param format the string message format in {@link
	* java.text.MessageFormat} format, (or a key in the message
	* catalog if {@code bundle} is not {@code null}); can be {@code null}.
	* @param params an optional list of parameters to the message (may be
	* none).
	*
	* @throws NullPointerException if {@code level} is {@code null}.
	*/
	public void log(Level level, ResourceBundle bundle, String format,
	Object... params);
	}

	/**
	* The {@code LoggerFinder} service is responsible for creating, managing,
	* and configuring loggers to the underlying framework it uses.
	*
	* A logger finder is a concrete implementation of this class that has a
	* zero-argument constructor and implements the abstract methods defined
	* by this class.
	* The loggers returned from a logger finder are capable of routing log
	* messages to the logging backend this provider supports.
	* A given invocation of the Java Runtime maintains a single
	* system-wide LoggerFinder instance that is loaded as follows:
	* <ul>
	* <li>First it finds any custom {@code LoggerFinder} provider
	* using the {@link java.util.ServiceLoader} facility with the
	* {@linkplain ClassLoader#getSystemClassLoader() system class
	* loader}.</li>
	* <li>If no {@code LoggerFinder} provider is found, the system default
	* {@code LoggerFinder} implementation will be used.</li>
	* </ul>
	* <p>
	* An application can replace the logging backend
	* <i>even when the java.logging module is present</i>, by simply providing
	* and declaring an implementation of the {@link LoggerFinder} service.
	* <p>
	* <b>Default Implementation</b>
	* <p>
	* The system default {@code LoggerFinder} implementation uses
	* {@code java.util.logging} as the backend framework when the
	* {@code java.logging} module is present.
	* It returns a {@linkplain System.Logger logger} instance
	* that will route log messages to a {@link java.util.logging.Logger
	* java.util.logging.Logger}. Otherwise, if {@code java.logging} is not
	* present, the default implementation will return a simple logger
	* instance that will route log messages of {@code INFO} level and above to
	* the console ({@code System.err}).
	* <p>
	* <b>Logging Configuration</b>
	* <p>
	* {@linkplain Logger Logger} instances obtained from the
	* {@code LoggerFinder} factory methods are not directly configurable by
	* the application. Configuration is the responsibility of the underlying
	* logging backend, and usually requires using APIs specific to that backend.
	* <p>For the default {@code LoggerFinder} implementation
	* using {@code java.util.logging} as its backend, refer to
	* {@link java.util.logging java.util.logging} for logging configuration.
	* For the default {@code LoggerFinder} implementation returning simple loggers
	* when the {@code java.logging} module is absent, the configuration
	* is implementation dependent.
	* <p>
	* Usually an application that uses a logging framework will log messages
	* through a logger facade defined (or supported) by that framework.
	* Applications that wish to use an external framework should log
	* through the facade associated with that framework.
	* <p>
	* A system class that needs to log messages will typically obtain
	* a {@link System.Logger} instance to route messages to the logging
	* framework selected by the application.
	* <p>
	* Libraries and classes that only need loggers to produce log messages
	* should not attempt to configure loggers by themselves, as that
	* would make them dependent from a specific implementation of the
	* {@code LoggerFinder} service.
	* <p>
	* In addition, when a security manager is present, loggers provided to
	* system classes should not be directly configurable through the logging
	* backend without requiring permissions.
	* <br>
	* It is the responsibility of the provider of
	* the concrete {@code LoggerFinder} implementation to ensure that
	* these loggers are not configured by untrusted code without proper
	* permission checks, as configuration performed on such loggers usually
	* affects all applications in the same Java Runtime.
	* <p>
	* <b>Message Levels and Mapping to backend levels</b>
	* <p>
	* A logger finder is responsible for mapping from a {@code
	* System.Logger.Level} to a level supported by the logging backend it uses.
	* <br>The default LoggerFinder using {@code java.util.logging} as the backend
	* maps {@code System.Logger} levels to
	* {@linkplain java.util.logging.Level java.util.logging} levels
	* of corresponding severity - as described in {@link Logger.Level
	* Logger.Level}.
	*
	* @see java.lang.System
	* @see java.lang.System.Logger
	*
	* @since 9
	*/
	public static abstract class LoggerFinder {
	/**
	* The {@code RuntimePermission("loggerFinder")} is
	* necessary to subclass and instantiate the {@code LoggerFinder} class,
	* as well as to obtain loggers from an instance of that class.
	*/
	static final RuntimePermission LOGGERFINDER_PERMISSION =
	new RuntimePermission("loggerFinder");

	/**
	* Creates a new instance of {@code LoggerFinder}.
	*
	* @implNote It is recommended that a {@code LoggerFinder} service
	* implementation does not perform any heavy initialization in its
	* constructor, in order to avoid possible risks of deadlock or class
	* loading cycles during the instantiation of the service provider.
	*
	* @throws SecurityException if a security manager is present and its
	* {@code checkPermission} method doesn't allow the
	* {@code RuntimePermission("loggerFinder")}.
	*/
	protected LoggerFinder() {
	this(checkPermission());
	}

	private LoggerFinder(Void unused) {
	// nothing to do.
	}

	private static Void checkPermission() {
	final SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
	if (sm != null) {
	sm.checkPermission(LOGGERFINDER_PERMISSION);
	}
	return null;
	}

	/**
	* Returns an instance of {@link Logger Logger}
	* for the given {@code module}.
	*
	* @param name the name of the logger.
	* @param module the module for which the logger is being requested.
	*
	* @return a {@link Logger logger} suitable for use within the given
	* module.
	* @throws NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null} or
	* {@code module} is {@code null}.
	* @throws SecurityException if a security manager is present and its
	* {@code checkPermission} method doesn't allow the
	* {@code RuntimePermission("loggerFinder")}.
	*/
	public abstract Logger getLogger(String name, Module module);

	/**
	* Returns a localizable instance of {@link Logger Logger}
	* for the given {@code module}.
	* The returned logger will use the provided resource bundle for
	* message localization.
	*
	* @implSpec By default, this method calls {@link
	* #getLogger(java.lang.String, java.lang.Module)
	* this.getLogger(name, module)} to obtain a logger, then wraps that
	* logger in a {@link Logger} instance where all methods that do not
	* take a {@link ResourceBundle} as parameter are redirected to one
	* which does - passing the given {@code bundle} for
	* localization. So for instance, a call to {@link
	* Logger#log(Logger.Level, String) Logger.log(Level.INFO, msg)}
	* will end up as a call to {@link
	* Logger#log(Logger.Level, ResourceBundle, String, Object...)
	* Logger.log(Level.INFO, bundle, msg, (Object[])null)} on the wrapped
	* logger instance.
	* Note however that by default, string messages returned by {@link
	* java.util.function.Supplier Supplier<String>} will not be
	* localized, as it is assumed that such strings are messages which are
	* already constructed, rather than keys in a resource bundle.
	* <p>
	* An implementation of {@code LoggerFinder} may override this method,
	* for example, when the underlying logging backend provides its own
	* mechanism for localizing log messages, then such a
	* {@code LoggerFinder} would be free to return a logger
	* that makes direct use of the mechanism provided by the backend.
	*
	* @param name the name of the logger.
	* @param bundle a resource bundle; can be {@code null}.
	* @param module the module for which the logger is being requested.
	* @return an instance of {@link Logger Logger} which will use the
	* provided resource bundle for message localization.
	*
	* @throws NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null} or
	* {@code module} is {@code null}.
	* @throws SecurityException if a security manager is present and its
	* {@code checkPermission} method doesn't allow the
	* {@code RuntimePermission("loggerFinder")}.
	*/
	public Logger getLocalizedLogger(String name, ResourceBundle bundle,
	Module module) {
	return new LocalizedLoggerWrapper<>(getLogger(name, module), bundle);
	}

	/**
	* Returns the {@code LoggerFinder} instance. There is one
	* single system-wide {@code LoggerFinder} instance in
	* the Java Runtime. See the class specification of how the
	* {@link LoggerFinder LoggerFinder} implementation is located and
	* loaded.

	* @return the {@link LoggerFinder LoggerFinder} instance.
	* @throws SecurityException if a security manager is present and its
	* {@code checkPermission} method doesn't allow the
	* {@code RuntimePermission("loggerFinder")}.
	*/
	public static LoggerFinder getLoggerFinder() {
	final SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
	if (sm != null) {
	sm.checkPermission(LOGGERFINDER_PERMISSION);
	}
	return accessProvider();
	}


	private static volatile LoggerFinder service;
	static LoggerFinder accessProvider() {
	// We do not need to synchronize: LoggerFinderLoader will
	// always return the same instance, so if we don't have it,
	// just fetch it again.
	if (service == null) {
	PrivilegedAction<LoggerFinder> pa =
	() -> LoggerFinderLoader.getLoggerFinder();
	service = AccessController.doPrivileged(pa, null,
	LOGGERFINDER_PERMISSION);
	}
	return service;
	}

	}


	/**
	* Returns an instance of {@link Logger Logger} for the caller's
	* use.
	*
	* @implSpec
	* Instances returned by this method route messages to loggers
	* obtained by calling {@link LoggerFinder#getLogger(java.lang.String,
	* java.lang.Module) LoggerFinder.getLogger(name, module)}, where
	* {@code module} is the caller's module.
	* In cases where {@code System.getLogger} is called from a context where
	* there is no caller frame on the stack (e.g when called directly
	* from a JNI attached thread), {@code IllegalCallerException} is thrown.
	* To obtain a logger in such a context, use an auxiliary class that will
	* implicitly be identified as the caller, or use the system {@link
	* LoggerFinder#getLoggerFinder() LoggerFinder} to obtain a logger instead.
	* Note that doing the latter may eagerly initialize the underlying
	* logging system.
	*
	* @apiNote
	* This method may defer calling the {@link
	* LoggerFinder#getLogger(java.lang.String, java.lang.Module)
	* LoggerFinder.getLogger} method to create an actual logger supplied by
	* the logging backend, for instance, to allow loggers to be obtained during
	* the system initialization time.
	*
	* @param name the name of the logger.
	* @return an instance of {@link Logger} that can be used by the calling
	* class.
	* @throws NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}.
	* @throws IllegalCallerException if there is no Java caller frame on the
	* stack.
	*
	* @since 9
	*/
	@CallerSensitive
	public static Logger getLogger(String name) {
	Objects.requireNonNull(name);
	final Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
	if (caller == null) {
	throw new IllegalCallerException("no caller frame");
	}
	return LazyLoggers.getLogger(name, caller.getModule());
	}

	/**
	* Returns a localizable instance of {@link Logger
	* Logger} for the caller's use.
	* The returned logger will use the provided resource bundle for message
	* localization.
	*
	* @implSpec
	* The returned logger will perform message localization as specified
	* by {@link LoggerFinder#getLocalizedLogger(java.lang.String,
	* java.util.ResourceBundle, java.lang.Module)
	* LoggerFinder.getLocalizedLogger(name, bundle, module)}, where
	* {@code module} is the caller's module.
	* In cases where {@code System.getLogger} is called from a context where
	* there is no caller frame on the stack (e.g when called directly
	* from a JNI attached thread), {@code IllegalCallerException} is thrown.
	* To obtain a logger in such a context, use an auxiliary class that
	* will implicitly be identified as the caller, or use the system {@link
	* LoggerFinder#getLoggerFinder() LoggerFinder} to obtain a logger instead.
	* Note that doing the latter may eagerly initialize the underlying
	* logging system.
	*
	* @apiNote
	* This method is intended to be used after the system is fully initialized.
	* This method may trigger the immediate loading and initialization
	* of the {@link LoggerFinder} service, which may cause issues if the
	* Java Runtime is not ready to initialize the concrete service
	* implementation yet.
	* System classes which may be loaded early in the boot sequence and
	* need to log localized messages should create a logger using
	* {@link #getLogger(java.lang.String)} and then use the log methods that
	* take a resource bundle as parameter.
	*
	* @param name the name of the logger.
	* @param bundle a resource bundle.
	* @return an instance of {@link Logger} which will use the provided
	* resource bundle for message localization.
	* @throws NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null} or
	* {@code bundle} is {@code null}.
	* @throws IllegalCallerException if there is no Java caller frame on the
	* stack.
	*
	* @since 9
	*/
	@CallerSensitive
	public static Logger getLogger(String name, ResourceBundle bundle) {
	final ResourceBundle rb = Objects.requireNonNull(bundle);
	Objects.requireNonNull(name);
	final Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
	if (caller == null) {
	throw new IllegalCallerException("no caller frame");
	}
	final SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
	// We don't use LazyLoggers if a resource bundle is specified.
	// Bootstrap sensitive classes in the JDK do not use resource bundles
	// when logging. This could be revisited later, if it needs to.
	if (sm != null) {
	final PrivilegedAction<Logger> pa =
	() -> LoggerFinder.accessProvider()
	.getLocalizedLogger(name, rb, caller.getModule());
	return AccessController.doPrivileged(pa, null,
	LoggerFinder.LOGGERFINDER_PERMISSION);
	}
	return LoggerFinder.accessProvider()
	.getLocalizedLogger(name, rb, caller.getModule());
	}

	/**
	* Terminates the currently running Java Virtual Machine. The
	* argument serves as a status code; by convention, a nonzero status
	* code indicates abnormal termination.
	* <p>
	* This method calls the {@code exit} method in class
	* {@code Runtime}. This method never returns normally.
	* <p>
	* The call {@code System.exit(n)} is effectively equivalent to
	* the call:
	* <blockquote><pre>
	* Runtime.getRuntime().exit(n)
	* </pre></blockquote>
	*
	* @param status exit status.
	* @throws SecurityException
	* if a security manager exists and its {@code checkExit}
	* method doesn't allow exit with the specified status.
	* @see java.lang.Runtime#exit(int)
	*/
	public static void exit(int status) {
	Runtime.getRuntime().exit(status);
	}

	/**
	* Runs the garbage collector.
	*
	* Calling the {@code gc} method suggests that the Java Virtual
	* Machine expend effort toward recycling unused objects in order to
	* make the memory they currently occupy available for quick reuse.
	* When control returns from the method call, the Java Virtual
	* Machine has made a best effort to reclaim space from all discarded
	* objects.
	* <p>
	* The call {@code System.gc()} is effectively equivalent to the
	* call:
	* <blockquote><pre>
	* Runtime.getRuntime().gc()
	* </pre></blockquote>
	*
	* @see java.lang.Runtime#gc()
	*/
	public static void gc() {
	Runtime.getRuntime().gc();
	}

	/**
	* Runs the finalization methods of any objects pending finalization.
	*
	* Calling this method suggests that the Java Virtual Machine expend
	* effort toward running the {@code finalize} methods of objects
	* that have been found to be discarded but whose {@code finalize}
	* methods have not yet been run. When control returns from the
	* method call, the Java Virtual Machine has made a best effort to
	* complete all outstanding finalizations.
	* <p>
	* The call {@code System.runFinalization()} is effectively
	* equivalent to the call:
	* <blockquote><pre>
	* Runtime.getRuntime().runFinalization()
	* </pre></blockquote>
	*
	* @see java.lang.Runtime#runFinalization()
	*/
	public static void runFinalization() {
	Runtime.getRuntime().runFinalization();
	}

	/**
	* Loads the native library specified by the filename argument. The filename
	* argument must be an absolute path name.
	*
	* If the filename argument, when stripped of any platform-specific library
	* prefix, path, and file extension, indicates a library whose name is,
	* for example, L, and a native library called L is statically linked
	* with the VM, then the JNI_OnLoad_L function exported by the library
	* is invoked rather than attempting to load a dynamic library.
	* A filename matching the argument does not have to exist in the
	* file system.
	* See the <a href="{@docRoot}/../specs/jni/index.html"> JNI Specification</a>
	* for more details.
	*
	* Otherwise, the filename argument is mapped to a native library image in
	* an implementation-dependent manner.
	*
	* <p>
	* The call {@code System.load(name)} is effectively equivalent
	* to the call:
	* <blockquote><pre>
	* Runtime.getRuntime().load(name)
	* </pre></blockquote>
	*
	* @param filename the file to load.
	* @throws SecurityException if a security manager exists and its
	* {@code checkLink} method doesn't allow
	* loading of the specified dynamic library
	* @throws UnsatisfiedLinkError if either the filename is not an
	* absolute path name, the native library is not statically
	* linked with the VM, or the library cannot be mapped to
	* a native library image by the host system.
	* @throws NullPointerException if {@code filename} is {@code null}
	* @see java.lang.Runtime#load(java.lang.String)
	* @see java.lang.SecurityManager#checkLink(java.lang.String)
	*/
	@CallerSensitive
	public static void load(String filename) {
	Runtime.getRuntime().load0(Reflection.getCallerClass(), filename);
	}

	/**
	* Loads the native library specified by the {@code libname}
	* argument. The {@code libname} argument must not contain any platform
	* specific prefix, file extension or path. If a native library
	* called {@code libname} is statically linked with the VM, then the
	* JNI_OnLoad_{@code libname} function exported by the library is invoked.
	* See the <a href="{@docRoot}/../specs/jni/index.html"> JNI Specification</a>
	* for more details.
	*
	* Otherwise, the libname argument is loaded from a system library
	* location and mapped to a native library image in an implementation-
	* dependent manner.
	* <p>
	* The call {@code System.loadLibrary(name)} is effectively
	* equivalent to the call
	* <blockquote><pre>
	* Runtime.getRuntime().loadLibrary(name)
	* </pre></blockquote>
	*
	* @param libname the name of the library.
	* @throws SecurityException if a security manager exists and its
	* {@code checkLink} method doesn't allow
	* loading of the specified dynamic library
	* @throws UnsatisfiedLinkError if either the libname argument
	* contains a file path, the native library is not statically
	* linked with the VM, or the library cannot be mapped to a
	* native library image by the host system.
	* @throws NullPointerException if {@code libname} is {@code null}
	* @see java.lang.Runtime#loadLibrary(java.lang.String)
	* @see java.lang.SecurityManager#checkLink(java.lang.String)
	*/
	@CallerSensitive
	public static void loadLibrary(String libname) {
	Runtime.getRuntime().loadLibrary0(Reflection.getCallerClass(), libname);
	}

	/**
	* Maps a library name into a platform-specific string representing
	* a native library.
	*
	* @param libname the name of the library.
	* @return a platform-dependent native library name.
	* @throws NullPointerException if {@code libname} is {@code null}
	* @see java.lang.System#loadLibrary(java.lang.String)
	* @see java.lang.ClassLoader#findLibrary(java.lang.String)
	* @since 1.2
	*/
	public static native String mapLibraryName(String libname);

	/**
	* Create PrintStream for stdout/err based on encoding.
	*/
	private static PrintStream newPrintStream(FileOutputStream fos, String enc) {
	if (enc != null) {
	try {
	return new PrintStream(new BufferedOutputStream(fos, 128), true, enc);
	} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException uee) {}
	}
	return new PrintStream(new BufferedOutputStream(fos, 128), true);
	}

	/**
	* Logs an exception/error at initialization time to stdout or stderr.
	*
	* @param printToStderr to print to stderr rather than stdout
	* @param printStackTrace to print the stack trace
	* @param msg the message to print before the exception, can be {@code null}
	* @param e the exception or error
	*/
	private static void logInitException(boolean printToStderr,
	boolean printStackTrace,
	String msg,
	Throwable e) {
	if (VM.initLevel() < 1) {
	throw new InternalError("system classes not initialized");
	}
	PrintStream log = (printToStderr) ? err : out;
	if (msg != null) {
	log.println(msg);
	}
	if (printStackTrace) {
	e.printStackTrace(log);
	} else {
	log.println(e);
	for (Throwable suppressed : e.getSuppressed()) {
	log.println("Suppressed: " + suppressed);
	}
	Throwable cause = e.getCause();
	if (cause != null) {
	log.println("Caused by: " + cause);
	}
	}
	}

	/**
	* Initialize the system class. Called after thread initialization.
	*/
	private static void initPhase1() {

	// VM might invoke JNU_NewStringPlatform() to set those encoding
	// sensitive properties (user.home, user.name, boot.class.path, etc.)
	// during "props" initialization, in which it may need access, via
	// System.getProperty(), to the related system encoding property that
	// have been initialized (put into "props") at early stage of the
	// initialization. So make sure the "props" is available at the
	// very beginning of the initialization and all system properties to
	// be put into it directly.
	props = new Properties(84);
	initProperties(props); // initialized by the VM

	// There are certain system configurations that may be controlled by
	// VM options such as the maximum amount of direct memory and
	// Integer cache size used to support the object identity semantics
	// of autoboxing. Typically, the library will obtain these values
	// from the properties set by the VM. If the properties are for
	// internal implementation use only, these properties should be
	// removed from the system properties.
	//
	// See java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache and the
	// VM.saveAndRemoveProperties method for example.
	//
	// Save a private copy of the system properties object that
	// can only be accessed by the internal implementation. Remove
	// certain system properties that are not intended for public access.
	VM.saveAndRemoveProperties(props);

	lineSeparator = props.getProperty("line.separator");
	StaticProperty.javaHome(); // Load StaticProperty to cache the property values
	VersionProps.init();

	FileInputStream fdIn = new FileInputStream(FileDescriptor.in);
	FileOutputStream fdOut = new FileOutputStream(FileDescriptor.out);
	FileOutputStream fdErr = new FileOutputStream(FileDescriptor.err);
	setIn0(new BufferedInputStream(fdIn));
	setOut0(newPrintStream(fdOut, props.getProperty("sun.stdout.encoding")));
	setErr0(newPrintStream(fdErr, props.getProperty("sun.stderr.encoding")));

	// Setup Java signal handlers for HUP, TERM, and INT (where available).
	Terminator.setup();

	// Initialize any miscellaneous operating system settings that need to be
	// set for the class libraries. Currently this is no-op everywhere except
	// for Windows where the process-wide error mode is set before the java.io
	// classes are used.
	VM.initializeOSEnvironment();

	// The main thread is not added to its thread group in the same
	// way as other threads; we must do it ourselves here.
	Thread current = Thread.currentThread();
	current.getThreadGroup().add(current);

	// register shared secrets
	setJavaLangAccess();

	// Subsystems that are invoked during initialization can invoke
	// VM.isBooted() in order to avoid doing things that should
	// wait until the VM is fully initialized. The initialization level
	// is incremented from 0 to 1 here to indicate the first phase of
	// initialization has completed.
	// IMPORTANT: Ensure that this remains the last initialization action!
	VM.initLevel(1);
	}

	// @see #initPhase2()
	static ModuleLayer bootLayer;

	/*
	* Invoked by VM. Phase 2 module system initialization.
	* Only classes in java.base can be loaded in this phase.
	*
	* @param printToStderr print exceptions to stderr rather than stdout
	* @param printStackTrace print stack trace when exception occurs
	*
	* @return JNI_OK for success, JNI_ERR for failure
	*/
	private static int initPhase2(boolean printToStderr, boolean printStackTrace) {
	try {
	bootLayer = ModuleBootstrap.boot();
	} catch (Exception \| Error e) {
	logInitException(printToStderr, printStackTrace,
	"Error occurred during initialization of boot layer", e);
	return -1; // JNI_ERR
	}

	// module system initialized
	VM.initLevel(2);

	return 0; // JNI_OK
	}

	/*
	* Invoked by VM. Phase 3 is the final system initialization:
	* 1. set security manager
	* 2. set system class loader
	* 3. set TCCL
	*
	* This method must be called after the module system initialization.
	* The security manager and system class loader may be custom class from
	* the application classpath or modulepath.
	*/
	private static void initPhase3() {
	// set security manager
	String cn = System.getProperty("java.security.manager");
	if (cn != null) {
	if (cn.isEmpty() \|\| "default".equals(cn)) {
	System.setSecurityManager(new SecurityManager());
	} else {
	try {
	Class<?> c = Class.forName(cn, false, ClassLoader.getBuiltinAppClassLoader());
	Constructor<?> ctor = c.getConstructor();
	// Must be a public subclass of SecurityManager with
	// a public no-arg constructor
	if (!SecurityManager.class.isAssignableFrom(c) \|\|
	!Modifier.isPublic(c.getModifiers()) \|\|
	!Modifier.isPublic(ctor.getModifiers())) {
	throw new Error("Could not create SecurityManager: " + ctor.toString());
	}
	// custom security manager implementation may be in unnamed module
	// or a named module but non-exported package
	ctor.setAccessible(true);
	SecurityManager sm = (SecurityManager) ctor.newInstance();
	System.setSecurityManager(sm);
	} catch (Exception e) {
	throw new Error("Could not create SecurityManager", e);
	}
	}
	}

	// initializing the system class loader
	VM.initLevel(3);

	// system class loader initialized
	ClassLoader scl = ClassLoader.initSystemClassLoader();

	// set TCCL
	Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(scl);

	// system is fully initialized
	VM.initLevel(4);
	}

	private static void setJavaLangAccess() {
	// Allow privileged classes outside of java.lang
	SharedSecrets.setJavaLangAccess(new JavaLangAccess() {
	public List<Method> getDeclaredPublicMethods(Class<?> klass, String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes) {
	return klass.getDeclaredPublicMethods(name, parameterTypes);
	}
	public jdk.internal.reflect.ConstantPool getConstantPool(Class<?> klass) {
	return klass.getConstantPool();
	}
	public boolean casAnnotationType(Class<?> klass, AnnotationType oldType, AnnotationType newType) {
	return klass.casAnnotationType(oldType, newType);
	}
	public AnnotationType getAnnotationType(Class<?> klass) {
	return klass.getAnnotationType();
	}
	public Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> getDeclaredAnnotationMap(Class<?> klass) {
	return klass.getDeclaredAnnotationMap();
	}
	public byte[] getRawClassAnnotations(Class<?> klass) {
	return klass.getRawAnnotations();
	}
	public byte[] getRawClassTypeAnnotations(Class<?> klass) {
	return klass.getRawTypeAnnotations();
	}
	public byte[] getRawExecutableTypeAnnotations(Executable executable) {
	return Class.getExecutableTypeAnnotationBytes(executable);
	}
	public <E extends Enum<E>>
	E[] getEnumConstantsShared(Class<E> klass) {
	return klass.getEnumConstantsShared();
	}
	public void blockedOn(Interruptible b) {
	Thread.blockedOn(b);
	}
	public void registerShutdownHook(int slot, boolean registerShutdownInProgress, Runnable hook) {
	Shutdown.add(slot, registerShutdownInProgress, hook);
	}
	public Thread newThreadWithAcc(Runnable target, AccessControlContext acc) {
	return new Thread(target, acc);
	}
	@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
	public void invokeFinalize(Object o) throws Throwable {
	o.finalize();
	}
	public ConcurrentHashMap<?, ?> createOrGetClassLoaderValueMap(ClassLoader cl) {
	return cl.createOrGetClassLoaderValueMap();
	}
	public Class<?> defineClass(ClassLoader loader, String name, byte[] b, ProtectionDomain pd, String source) {
	return ClassLoader.defineClass1(loader, name, b, 0, b.length, pd, source);
	}
	public Class<?> findBootstrapClassOrNull(ClassLoader cl, String name) {
	return cl.findBootstrapClassOrNull(name);
	}
	public Package definePackage(ClassLoader cl, String name, Module module) {
	return cl.definePackage(name, module);
	}
	public String fastUUID(long lsb, long msb) {
	return Long.fastUUID(lsb, msb);
	}
	public void addNonExportedPackages(ModuleLayer layer) {
	SecurityManager.addNonExportedPackages(layer);
	}
	public void invalidatePackageAccessCache() {
	SecurityManager.invalidatePackageAccessCache();
	}
	public Module defineModule(ClassLoader loader,
	ModuleDescriptor descriptor,
	URI uri) {
	return new Module(null, loader, descriptor, uri);
	}
	public Module defineUnnamedModule(ClassLoader loader) {
	return new Module(loader);
	}
	public void addReads(Module m1, Module m2) {
	m1.implAddReads(m2);
	}
	public void addReadsAllUnnamed(Module m) {
	m.implAddReadsAllUnnamed();
	}
	public void addExports(Module m, String pn, Module other) {
	m.implAddExports(pn, other);
	}
	public void addExportsToAllUnnamed(Module m, String pn) {
	m.implAddExportsToAllUnnamed(pn);
	}
	public void addOpens(Module m, String pn, Module other) {
	m.implAddOpens(pn, other);
	}
	public void addOpensToAllUnnamed(Module m, String pn) {
	m.implAddOpensToAllUnnamed(pn);
	}
	public void addOpensToAllUnnamed(Module m, Iterator<String> packages) {
	m.implAddOpensToAllUnnamed(packages);
	}
	public void addUses(Module m, Class<?> service) {
	m.implAddUses(service);
	}
	public boolean isReflectivelyExported(Module m, String pn, Module other) {
	return m.isReflectivelyExported(pn, other);
	}
	public boolean isReflectivelyOpened(Module m, String pn, Module other) {
	return m.isReflectivelyOpened(pn, other);
	}
	public ServicesCatalog getServicesCatalog(ModuleLayer layer) {
	return layer.getServicesCatalog();
	}
	public Stream<ModuleLayer> layers(ModuleLayer layer) {
	return layer.layers();
	}
	public Stream<ModuleLayer> layers(ClassLoader loader) {
	return ModuleLayer.layers(loader);
	}

	public String newStringNoRepl(byte[] bytes, Charset cs) throws CharacterCodingException {
	return StringCoding.newStringNoRepl(bytes, cs);
	}

	public byte[] getBytesNoRepl(String s, Charset cs) throws CharacterCodingException {
	return StringCoding.getBytesNoRepl(s, cs);
	}

	public String newStringUTF8NoRepl(byte[] bytes, int off, int len) {
	return StringCoding.newStringUTF8NoRepl(bytes, off, len);
	}

	public byte[] getBytesUTF8NoRepl(String s) {
	return StringCoding.getBytesUTF8NoRepl(s);
	}

	});
	}
	}

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