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	/*
	* Copyright (c) 2012, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
	* DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
	*
	* This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
	* under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
	* published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
	* particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
	* by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
	*
	* This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
	* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
	* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
	* version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
	* accompanied this code).
	*
	* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
	* 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
	* Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
	*
	* Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
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	/*
	* This file is available under and governed by the GNU General Public
	* License version 2 only, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
	* However, the following notice accompanied the original version of this
	* file:
	*
	* Copyright (c) 2007-2012, Stephen Colebourne & Michael Nascimento Santos
	*
	* All rights reserved.
	*
	* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
	* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
	*
	* * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
	* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
	*
	* * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
	* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
	* and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
	*
	* * Neither the name of JSR-310 nor the names of its contributors
	* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
	* without specific prior written permission.
	*
	* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
	* "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
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	package java.time;

	import static java.time.temporal.ChronoField.HOUR_OF_DAY;
	import static java.time.temporal.ChronoField.MICRO_OF_DAY;
	import static java.time.temporal.ChronoField.MINUTE_OF_HOUR;
	import static java.time.temporal.ChronoField.NANO_OF_DAY;
	import static java.time.temporal.ChronoField.NANO_OF_SECOND;
	import static java.time.temporal.ChronoField.SECOND_OF_DAY;
	import static java.time.temporal.ChronoField.SECOND_OF_MINUTE;
	import static java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit.NANOS;

	import java.io.DataInput;
	import java.io.DataOutput;
	import java.io.IOException;
	import java.io.InvalidObjectException;
	import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
	import java.io.Serializable;
	import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
	import java.time.format.DateTimeParseException;
	import java.time.temporal.ChronoField;
	import java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit;
	import java.time.temporal.Temporal;
	import java.time.temporal.TemporalAccessor;
	import java.time.temporal.TemporalAdjuster;
	import java.time.temporal.TemporalAmount;
	import java.time.temporal.TemporalField;
	import java.time.temporal.TemporalQueries;
	import java.time.temporal.TemporalQuery;
	import java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit;
	import java.time.temporal.UnsupportedTemporalTypeException;
	import java.time.temporal.ValueRange;
	import java.util.Objects;

	/**
	* A time without a time-zone in the ISO-8601 calendar system,
	* such as {@code 10:15:30}.
	* <p>
	* {@code LocalTime} is an immutable date-time object that represents a time,
	* often viewed as hour-minute-second.
	* Time is represented to nanosecond precision.
	* For example, the value "13:45.30.123456789" can be stored in a {@code LocalTime}.
	* <p>
	* This class does not store or represent a date or time-zone.
	* Instead, it is a description of the local time as seen on a wall clock.
	* It cannot represent an instant on the time-line without additional information
	* such as an offset or time-zone.
	* <p>
	* The ISO-8601 calendar system is the modern civil calendar system used today
	* in most of the world. This API assumes that all calendar systems use the same
	* representation, this class, for time-of-day.
	*
	* <p>
	* This is a <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/lang/doc-files/ValueBased.html">value-based</a>
	* class; use of identity-sensitive operations (including reference equality
	* ({@code ==}), identity hash code, or synchronization) on instances of
	* {@code LocalTime} may have unpredictable results and should be avoided.
	* The {@code equals} method should be used for comparisons.
	*
	* @implSpec
	* This class is immutable and thread-safe.
	*
	* @since 1.8
	*/
	public final class LocalTime
	implements Temporal, TemporalAdjuster, Comparable<LocalTime>, Serializable {

	/**
	* The minimum supported {@code LocalTime}, '00:00'.
	* This is the time of midnight at the start of the day.
	*/
	public static final LocalTime MIN;
	/**
	* The maximum supported {@code LocalTime}, '23:59:59.999999999'.
	* This is the time just before midnight at the end of the day.
	*/
	public static final LocalTime MAX;
	/**
	* The time of midnight at the start of the day, '00:00'.
	*/
	public static final LocalTime MIDNIGHT;
	/**
	* The time of noon in the middle of the day, '12:00'.
	*/
	public static final LocalTime NOON;
	/**
	* Constants for the local time of each hour.
	*/
	private static final LocalTime[] HOURS = new LocalTime[24];
	static {
	for (int i = 0; i < HOURS.length; i++) {
	HOURS[i] = new LocalTime(i, 0, 0, 0);
	}
	MIDNIGHT = HOURS[0];
	NOON = HOURS[12];
	MIN = HOURS[0];
	MAX = new LocalTime(23, 59, 59, 999_999_999);
	}

	/**
	* Hours per day.
	*/
	static final int HOURS_PER_DAY = 24;
	/**
	* Minutes per hour.
	*/
	static final int MINUTES_PER_HOUR = 60;
	/**
	* Minutes per day.
	*/
	static final int MINUTES_PER_DAY = MINUTES_PER_HOUR * HOURS_PER_DAY;
	/**
	* Seconds per minute.
	*/
	static final int SECONDS_PER_MINUTE = 60;
	/**
	* Seconds per hour.
	*/
	static final int SECONDS_PER_HOUR = SECONDS_PER_MINUTE * MINUTES_PER_HOUR;
	/**
	* Seconds per day.
	*/
	static final int SECONDS_PER_DAY = SECONDS_PER_HOUR * HOURS_PER_DAY;
	/**
	* Milliseconds per day.
	*/
	static final long MILLIS_PER_DAY = SECONDS_PER_DAY * 1000L;
	/**
	* Microseconds per day.
	*/
	static final long MICROS_PER_DAY = SECONDS_PER_DAY * 1000_000L;
	/**
	* Nanos per millisecond.
	*/
	static final long NANOS_PER_MILLI = 1000_000L;
	/**
	* Nanos per second.
	*/
	static final long NANOS_PER_SECOND = 1000_000_000L;
	/**
	* Nanos per minute.
	*/
	static final long NANOS_PER_MINUTE = NANOS_PER_SECOND * SECONDS_PER_MINUTE;
	/**
	* Nanos per hour.
	*/
	static final long NANOS_PER_HOUR = NANOS_PER_MINUTE * MINUTES_PER_HOUR;
	/**
	* Nanos per day.
	*/
	static final long NANOS_PER_DAY = NANOS_PER_HOUR * HOURS_PER_DAY;

	/**
	* Serialization version.
	*/
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 6414437269572265201L;

	/**
	* The hour.
	*/
	private final byte hour;
	/**
	* The minute.
	*/
	private final byte minute;
	/**
	* The second.
	*/
	private final byte second;
	/**
	* The nanosecond.
	*/
	private final int nano;

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------
	/**
	* Obtains the current time from the system clock in the default time-zone.
	* <p>
	* This will query the {@link Clock#systemDefaultZone() system clock} in the default
	* time-zone to obtain the current time.
	* <p>
	* Using this method will prevent the ability to use an alternate clock for testing
	* because the clock is hard-coded.
	*
	* @return the current time using the system clock and default time-zone, not null
	*/
	public static LocalTime now() {
	return now(Clock.systemDefaultZone());
	}

	/**
	* Obtains the current time from the system clock in the specified time-zone.
	* <p>
	* This will query the {@link Clock#system(ZoneId) system clock} to obtain the current time.
	* Specifying the time-zone avoids dependence on the default time-zone.
	* <p>
	* Using this method will prevent the ability to use an alternate clock for testing
	* because the clock is hard-coded.
	*
	* @param zone the zone ID to use, not null
	* @return the current time using the system clock, not null
	*/
	public static LocalTime now(ZoneId zone) {
	return now(Clock.system(zone));
	}

	/**
	* Obtains the current time from the specified clock.
	* <p>
	* This will query the specified clock to obtain the current time.
	* Using this method allows the use of an alternate clock for testing.
	* The alternate clock may be introduced using {@link Clock dependency injection}.
	*
	* @param clock the clock to use, not null
	* @return the current time, not null
	*/
	public static LocalTime now(Clock clock) {
	Objects.requireNonNull(clock, "clock");
	final Instant now = clock.instant(); // called once
	return ofInstant(now, clock.getZone());
	}

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------
	/**
	* Obtains an instance of {@code LocalTime} from an hour and minute.
	* <p>
	* This returns a {@code LocalTime} with the specified hour and minute.
	* The second and nanosecond fields will be set to zero.
	*
	* @param hour the hour-of-day to represent, from 0 to 23
	* @param minute the minute-of-hour to represent, from 0 to 59
	* @return the local time, not null
	* @throws DateTimeException if the value of any field is out of range
	*/
	public static LocalTime of(int hour, int minute) {
	HOUR_OF_DAY.checkValidValue(hour);
	if (minute == 0) {
	return HOURS[hour]; // for performance
	}
	MINUTE_OF_HOUR.checkValidValue(minute);
	return new LocalTime(hour, minute, 0, 0);
	}

	/**
	* Obtains an instance of {@code LocalTime} from an hour, minute and second.
	* <p>
	* This returns a {@code LocalTime} with the specified hour, minute and second.
	* The nanosecond field will be set to zero.
	*
	* @param hour the hour-of-day to represent, from 0 to 23
	* @param minute the minute-of-hour to represent, from 0 to 59
	* @param second the second-of-minute to represent, from 0 to 59
	* @return the local time, not null
	* @throws DateTimeException if the value of any field is out of range
	*/
	public static LocalTime of(int hour, int minute, int second) {
	HOUR_OF_DAY.checkValidValue(hour);
	if ((minute \| second) == 0) {
	return HOURS[hour]; // for performance
	}
	MINUTE_OF_HOUR.checkValidValue(minute);
	SECOND_OF_MINUTE.checkValidValue(second);
	return new LocalTime(hour, minute, second, 0);
	}

	/**
	* Obtains an instance of {@code LocalTime} from an hour, minute, second and nanosecond.
	* <p>
	* This returns a {@code LocalTime} with the specified hour, minute, second and nanosecond.
	*
	* @param hour the hour-of-day to represent, from 0 to 23
	* @param minute the minute-of-hour to represent, from 0 to 59
	* @param second the second-of-minute to represent, from 0 to 59
	* @param nanoOfSecond the nano-of-second to represent, from 0 to 999,999,999
	* @return the local time, not null
	* @throws DateTimeException if the value of any field is out of range
	*/
	public static LocalTime of(int hour, int minute, int second, int nanoOfSecond) {
	HOUR_OF_DAY.checkValidValue(hour);
	MINUTE_OF_HOUR.checkValidValue(minute);
	SECOND_OF_MINUTE.checkValidValue(second);
	NANO_OF_SECOND.checkValidValue(nanoOfSecond);
	return create(hour, minute, second, nanoOfSecond);
	}

	/**
	* Obtains an instance of {@code LocalTime} from an {@code Instant} and zone ID.
	* <p>
	* This creates a local time based on the specified instant.
	* First, the offset from UTC/Greenwich is obtained using the zone ID and instant,
	* which is simple as there is only one valid offset for each instant.
	* Then, the instant and offset are used to calculate the local time.
	*
	* @param instant the instant to create the time from, not null
	* @param zone the time-zone, which may be an offset, not null
	* @return the local time, not null
	* @since 9
	*/
	public static LocalTime ofInstant(Instant instant, ZoneId zone) {
	Objects.requireNonNull(instant, "instant");
	Objects.requireNonNull(zone, "zone");
	ZoneOffset offset = zone.getRules().getOffset(instant);
	long localSecond = instant.getEpochSecond() + offset.getTotalSeconds();
	int secsOfDay = Math.floorMod(localSecond, SECONDS_PER_DAY);
	return ofNanoOfDay(secsOfDay * NANOS_PER_SECOND + instant.getNano());
	}

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------
	/**
	* Obtains an instance of {@code LocalTime} from a second-of-day value.
	* <p>
	* This returns a {@code LocalTime} with the specified second-of-day.
	* The nanosecond field will be set to zero.
	*
	* @param secondOfDay the second-of-day, from {@code 0} to {@code 24 * 60 * 60 - 1}
	* @return the local time, not null
	* @throws DateTimeException if the second-of-day value is invalid
	*/
	public static LocalTime ofSecondOfDay(long secondOfDay) {
	SECOND_OF_DAY.checkValidValue(secondOfDay);
	int hours = (int) (secondOfDay / SECONDS_PER_HOUR);
	secondOfDay -= hours * SECONDS_PER_HOUR;
	int minutes = (int) (secondOfDay / SECONDS_PER_MINUTE);
	secondOfDay -= minutes * SECONDS_PER_MINUTE;
	return create(hours, minutes, (int) secondOfDay, 0);
	}

	/**
	* Obtains an instance of {@code LocalTime} from a nanos-of-day value.
	* <p>
	* This returns a {@code LocalTime} with the specified nanosecond-of-day.
	*
	* @param nanoOfDay the nano of day, from {@code 0} to {@code 24 * 60 * 60 * 1,000,000,000 - 1}
	* @return the local time, not null
	* @throws DateTimeException if the nanos of day value is invalid
	*/
	public static LocalTime ofNanoOfDay(long nanoOfDay) {
	NANO_OF_DAY.checkValidValue(nanoOfDay);
	int hours = (int) (nanoOfDay / NANOS_PER_HOUR);
	nanoOfDay -= hours * NANOS_PER_HOUR;
	int minutes = (int) (nanoOfDay / NANOS_PER_MINUTE);
	nanoOfDay -= minutes * NANOS_PER_MINUTE;
	int seconds = (int) (nanoOfDay / NANOS_PER_SECOND);
	nanoOfDay -= seconds * NANOS_PER_SECOND;
	return create(hours, minutes, seconds, (int) nanoOfDay);
	}

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------
	/**
	* Obtains an instance of {@code LocalTime} from a temporal object.
	* <p>
	* This obtains a local time based on the specified temporal.
	* A {@code TemporalAccessor} represents an arbitrary set of date and time information,
	* which this factory converts to an instance of {@code LocalTime}.
	* <p>
	* The conversion uses the {@link TemporalQueries#localTime()} query, which relies
	* on extracting the {@link ChronoField#NANO_OF_DAY NANO_OF_DAY} field.
	* <p>
	* This method matches the signature of the functional interface {@link TemporalQuery}
	* allowing it to be used as a query via method reference, {@code LocalTime::from}.
	*
	* @param temporal the temporal object to convert, not null
	* @return the local time, not null
	* @throws DateTimeException if unable to convert to a {@code LocalTime}
	*/
	public static LocalTime from(TemporalAccessor temporal) {
	Objects.requireNonNull(temporal, "temporal");
	LocalTime time = temporal.query(TemporalQueries.localTime());
	if (time == null) {
	throw new DateTimeException("Unable to obtain LocalTime from TemporalAccessor: " +
	temporal + " of type " + temporal.getClass().getName());
	}
	return time;
	}

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------
	/**
	* Obtains an instance of {@code LocalTime} from a text string such as {@code 10:15}.
	* <p>
	* The string must represent a valid time and is parsed using
	* {@link java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter#ISO_LOCAL_TIME}.
	*
	* @param text the text to parse such as "10:15:30", not null
	* @return the parsed local time, not null
	* @throws DateTimeParseException if the text cannot be parsed
	*/
	public static LocalTime parse(CharSequence text) {
	return parse(text, DateTimeFormatter.ISO_LOCAL_TIME);
	}

	/**
	* Obtains an instance of {@code LocalTime} from a text string using a specific formatter.
	* <p>
	* The text is parsed using the formatter, returning a time.
	*
	* @param text the text to parse, not null
	* @param formatter the formatter to use, not null
	* @return the parsed local time, not null
	* @throws DateTimeParseException if the text cannot be parsed
	*/
	public static LocalTime parse(CharSequence text, DateTimeFormatter formatter) {
	Objects.requireNonNull(formatter, "formatter");
	return formatter.parse(text, LocalTime::from);
	}

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------
	/**
	* Creates a local time from the hour, minute, second and nanosecond fields.
	* <p>
	* This factory may return a cached value, but applications must not rely on this.
	*
	* @param hour the hour-of-day to represent, validated from 0 to 23
	* @param minute the minute-of-hour to represent, validated from 0 to 59
	* @param second the second-of-minute to represent, validated from 0 to 59
	* @param nanoOfSecond the nano-of-second to represent, validated from 0 to 999,999,999
	* @return the local time, not null
	*/
	private static LocalTime create(int hour, int minute, int second, int nanoOfSecond) {
	if ((minute \| second \| nanoOfSecond) == 0) {
	return HOURS[hour];
	}
	return new LocalTime(hour, minute, second, nanoOfSecond);
	}

	/**
	* Constructor, previously validated.
	*
	* @param hour the hour-of-day to represent, validated from 0 to 23
	* @param minute the minute-of-hour to represent, validated from 0 to 59
	* @param second the second-of-minute to represent, validated from 0 to 59
	* @param nanoOfSecond the nano-of-second to represent, validated from 0 to 999,999,999
	*/
	private LocalTime(int hour, int minute, int second, int nanoOfSecond) {
	this.hour = (byte) hour;
	this.minute = (byte) minute;
	this.second = (byte) second;
	this.nano = nanoOfSecond;
	}

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------
	/**
	* Checks if the specified field is supported.
	* <p>
	* This checks if this time can be queried for the specified field.
	* If false, then calling the {@link #range(TemporalField) range},
	* {@link #get(TemporalField) get} and {@link #with(TemporalField, long)}
	* methods will throw an exception.
	* <p>
	* If the field is a {@link ChronoField} then the query is implemented here.
	* The supported fields are:
	* <ul>
	* <li>{@code NANO_OF_SECOND}
	* <li>{@code NANO_OF_DAY}
	* <li>{@code MICRO_OF_SECOND}
	* <li>{@code MICRO_OF_DAY}
	* <li>{@code MILLI_OF_SECOND}
	* <li>{@code MILLI_OF_DAY}
	* <li>{@code SECOND_OF_MINUTE}
	* <li>{@code SECOND_OF_DAY}
	* <li>{@code MINUTE_OF_HOUR}
	* <li>{@code MINUTE_OF_DAY}
	* <li>{@code HOUR_OF_AMPM}
	* <li>{@code CLOCK_HOUR_OF_AMPM}
	* <li>{@code HOUR_OF_DAY}
	* <li>{@code CLOCK_HOUR_OF_DAY}
	* <li>{@code AMPM_OF_DAY}
	* </ul>
	* All other {@code ChronoField} instances will return false.
	* <p>
	* If the field is not a {@code ChronoField}, then the result of this method
	* is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalField.isSupportedBy(TemporalAccessor)}
	* passing {@code this} as the argument.
	* Whether the field is supported is determined by the field.
	*
	* @param field the field to check, null returns false
	* @return true if the field is supported on this time, false if not
	*/
	@Override
	public boolean isSupported(TemporalField field) {
	if (field instanceof ChronoField) {
	return field.isTimeBased();
	}
	return field != null && field.isSupportedBy(this);
	}

	/**
	* Checks if the specified unit is supported.
	* <p>
	* This checks if the specified unit can be added to, or subtracted from, this time.
	* If false, then calling the {@link #plus(long, TemporalUnit)} and
	* {@link #minus(long, TemporalUnit) minus} methods will throw an exception.
	* <p>
	* If the unit is a {@link ChronoUnit} then the query is implemented here.
	* The supported units are:
	* <ul>
	* <li>{@code NANOS}
	* <li>{@code MICROS}
	* <li>{@code MILLIS}
	* <li>{@code SECONDS}
	* <li>{@code MINUTES}
	* <li>{@code HOURS}
	* <li>{@code HALF_DAYS}
	* </ul>
	* All other {@code ChronoUnit} instances will return false.
	* <p>
	* If the unit is not a {@code ChronoUnit}, then the result of this method
	* is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalUnit.isSupportedBy(Temporal)}
	* passing {@code this} as the argument.
	* Whether the unit is supported is determined by the unit.
	*
	* @param unit the unit to check, null returns false
	* @return true if the unit can be added/subtracted, false if not
	*/
	@Override // override for Javadoc
	public boolean isSupported(TemporalUnit unit) {
	if (unit instanceof ChronoUnit) {
	return unit.isTimeBased();
	}
	return unit != null && unit.isSupportedBy(this);
	}

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------
	/**
	* Gets the range of valid values for the specified field.
	* <p>
	* The range object expresses the minimum and maximum valid values for a field.
	* This time is used to enhance the accuracy of the returned range.
	* If it is not possible to return the range, because the field is not supported
	* or for some other reason, an exception is thrown.
	* <p>
	* If the field is a {@link ChronoField} then the query is implemented here.
	* The {@link #isSupported(TemporalField) supported fields} will return
	* appropriate range instances.
	* All other {@code ChronoField} instances will throw an {@code UnsupportedTemporalTypeException}.
	* <p>
	* If the field is not a {@code ChronoField}, then the result of this method
	* is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalField.rangeRefinedBy(TemporalAccessor)}
	* passing {@code this} as the argument.
	* Whether the range can be obtained is determined by the field.
	*
	* @param field the field to query the range for, not null
	* @return the range of valid values for the field, not null
	* @throws DateTimeException if the range for the field cannot be obtained
	* @throws UnsupportedTemporalTypeException if the field is not supported
	*/
	@Override // override for Javadoc
	public ValueRange range(TemporalField field) {
	return Temporal.super.range(field);
	}

	/**
	* Gets the value of the specified field from this time as an {@code int}.
	* <p>
	* This queries this time for the value of the specified field.
	* The returned value will always be within the valid range of values for the field.
	* If it is not possible to return the value, because the field is not supported
	* or for some other reason, an exception is thrown.
	* <p>
	* If the field is a {@link ChronoField} then the query is implemented here.
	* The {@link #isSupported(TemporalField) supported fields} will return valid
	* values based on this time, except {@code NANO_OF_DAY} and {@code MICRO_OF_DAY}
	* which are too large to fit in an {@code int} and throw an {@code UnsupportedTemporalTypeException}.
	* All other {@code ChronoField} instances will throw an {@code UnsupportedTemporalTypeException}.
	* <p>
	* If the field is not a {@code ChronoField}, then the result of this method
	* is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalField.getFrom(TemporalAccessor)}
	* passing {@code this} as the argument. Whether the value can be obtained,
	* and what the value represents, is determined by the field.
	*
	* @param field the field to get, not null
	* @return the value for the field
	* @throws DateTimeException if a value for the field cannot be obtained or
	* the value is outside the range of valid values for the field
	* @throws UnsupportedTemporalTypeException if the field is not supported or
	* the range of values exceeds an {@code int}
	* @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
	*/
	@Override // override for Javadoc and performance
	public int get(TemporalField field) {
	if (field instanceof ChronoField) {
	return get0(field);
	}
	return Temporal.super.get(field);
	}

	/**
	* Gets the value of the specified field from this time as a {@code long}.
	* <p>
	* This queries this time for the value of the specified field.
	* If it is not possible to return the value, because the field is not supported
	* or for some other reason, an exception is thrown.
	* <p>
	* If the field is a {@link ChronoField} then the query is implemented here.
	* The {@link #isSupported(TemporalField) supported fields} will return valid
	* values based on this time.
	* All other {@code ChronoField} instances will throw an {@code UnsupportedTemporalTypeException}.
	* <p>
	* If the field is not a {@code ChronoField}, then the result of this method
	* is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalField.getFrom(TemporalAccessor)}
	* passing {@code this} as the argument. Whether the value can be obtained,
	* and what the value represents, is determined by the field.
	*
	* @param field the field to get, not null
	* @return the value for the field
	* @throws DateTimeException if a value for the field cannot be obtained
	* @throws UnsupportedTemporalTypeException if the field is not supported
	* @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
	*/
	@Override
	public long getLong(TemporalField field) {
	if (field instanceof ChronoField) {
	if (field == NANO_OF_DAY) {
	return toNanoOfDay();
	}
	if (field == MICRO_OF_DAY) {
	return toNanoOfDay() / 1000;
	}
	return get0(field);
	}
	return field.getFrom(this);
	}

	private int get0(TemporalField field) {
	switch ((ChronoField) field) {
	case NANO_OF_SECOND: return nano;
	case NANO_OF_DAY: throw new UnsupportedTemporalTypeException("Invalid field 'NanoOfDay' for get() method, use getLong() instead");
	case MICRO_OF_SECOND: return nano / 1000;
	case MICRO_OF_DAY: throw new UnsupportedTemporalTypeException("Invalid field 'MicroOfDay' for get() method, use getLong() instead");
	case MILLI_OF_SECOND: return nano / 1000_000;
	case MILLI_OF_DAY: return (int) (toNanoOfDay() / 1000_000);
	case SECOND_OF_MINUTE: return second;
	case SECOND_OF_DAY: return toSecondOfDay();
	case MINUTE_OF_HOUR: return minute;
	case MINUTE_OF_DAY: return hour * 60 + minute;
	case HOUR_OF_AMPM: return hour % 12;
	case CLOCK_HOUR_OF_AMPM: int ham = hour % 12; return (ham % 12 == 0 ? 12 : ham);
	case HOUR_OF_DAY: return hour;
	case CLOCK_HOUR_OF_DAY: return (hour == 0 ? 24 : hour);
	case AMPM_OF_DAY: return hour / 12;
	}
	throw new UnsupportedTemporalTypeException("Unsupported field: " + field);
	}

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------
	/**
	* Gets the hour-of-day field.
	*
	* @return the hour-of-day, from 0 to 23
	*/
	public int getHour() {
	return hour;
	}

	/**
	* Gets the minute-of-hour field.
	*
	* @return the minute-of-hour, from 0 to 59
	*/
	public int getMinute() {
	return minute;
	}

	/**
	* Gets the second-of-minute field.
	*
	* @return the second-of-minute, from 0 to 59
	*/
	public int getSecond() {
	return second;
	}

	/**
	* Gets the nano-of-second field.
	*
	* @return the nano-of-second, from 0 to 999,999,999
	*/
	public int getNano() {
	return nano;
	}

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------
	/**
	* Returns an adjusted copy of this time.
	* <p>
	* This returns a {@code LocalTime}, based on this one, with the time adjusted.
	* The adjustment takes place using the specified adjuster strategy object.
	* Read the documentation of the adjuster to understand what adjustment will be made.
	* <p>
	* A simple adjuster might simply set the one of the fields, such as the hour field.
	* A more complex adjuster might set the time to the last hour of the day.
	* <p>
	* The result of this method is obtained by invoking the
	* {@link TemporalAdjuster#adjustInto(Temporal)} method on the
	* specified adjuster passing {@code this} as the argument.
	* <p>
	* This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
	*
	* @param adjuster the adjuster to use, not null
	* @return a {@code LocalTime} based on {@code this} with the adjustment made, not null
	* @throws DateTimeException if the adjustment cannot be made
	* @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
	*/
	@Override
	public LocalTime with(TemporalAdjuster adjuster) {
	// optimizations
	if (adjuster instanceof LocalTime) {
	return (LocalTime) adjuster;
	}
	return (LocalTime) adjuster.adjustInto(this);
	}

	/**
	* Returns a copy of this time with the specified field set to a new value.
	* <p>
	* This returns a {@code LocalTime}, based on this one, with the value
	* for the specified field changed.
	* This can be used to change any supported field, such as the hour, minute or second.
	* If it is not possible to set the value, because the field is not supported or for
	* some other reason, an exception is thrown.
	* <p>
	* If the field is a {@link ChronoField} then the adjustment is implemented here.
	* The supported fields behave as follows:
	* <ul>
	* <li>{@code NANO_OF_SECOND} -
	* Returns a {@code LocalTime} with the specified nano-of-second.
	* The hour, minute and second will be unchanged.
	* <li>{@code NANO_OF_DAY} -
	* Returns a {@code LocalTime} with the specified nano-of-day.
	* This completely replaces the time and is equivalent to {@link #ofNanoOfDay(long)}.
	* <li>{@code MICRO_OF_SECOND} -
	* Returns a {@code LocalTime} with the nano-of-second replaced by the specified
	* micro-of-second multiplied by 1,000.
	* The hour, minute and second will be unchanged.
	* <li>{@code MICRO_OF_DAY} -
	* Returns a {@code LocalTime} with the specified micro-of-day.
	* This completely replaces the time and is equivalent to using {@link #ofNanoOfDay(long)}
	* with the micro-of-day multiplied by 1,000.
	* <li>{@code MILLI_OF_SECOND} -
	* Returns a {@code LocalTime} with the nano-of-second replaced by the specified
	* milli-of-second multiplied by 1,000,000.
	* The hour, minute and second will be unchanged.
	* <li>{@code MILLI_OF_DAY} -
	* Returns a {@code LocalTime} with the specified milli-of-day.
	* This completely replaces the time and is equivalent to using {@link #ofNanoOfDay(long)}
	* with the milli-of-day multiplied by 1,000,000.
	* <li>{@code SECOND_OF_MINUTE} -
	* Returns a {@code LocalTime} with the specified second-of-minute.
	* The hour, minute and nano-of-second will be unchanged.
	* <li>{@code SECOND_OF_DAY} -
	* Returns a {@code LocalTime} with the specified second-of-day.
	* The nano-of-second will be unchanged.
	* <li>{@code MINUTE_OF_HOUR} -
	* Returns a {@code LocalTime} with the specified minute-of-hour.
	* The hour, second-of-minute and nano-of-second will be unchanged.
	* <li>{@code MINUTE_OF_DAY} -
	* Returns a {@code LocalTime} with the specified minute-of-day.
	* The second-of-minute and nano-of-second will be unchanged.
	* <li>{@code HOUR_OF_AMPM} -
	* Returns a {@code LocalTime} with the specified hour-of-am-pm.
	* The AM/PM, minute-of-hour, second-of-minute and nano-of-second will be unchanged.
	* <li>{@code CLOCK_HOUR_OF_AMPM} -
	* Returns a {@code LocalTime} with the specified clock-hour-of-am-pm.
	* The AM/PM, minute-of-hour, second-of-minute and nano-of-second will be unchanged.
	* <li>{@code HOUR_OF_DAY} -
	* Returns a {@code LocalTime} with the specified hour-of-day.
	* The minute-of-hour, second-of-minute and nano-of-second will be unchanged.
	* <li>{@code CLOCK_HOUR_OF_DAY} -
	* Returns a {@code LocalTime} with the specified clock-hour-of-day.
	* The minute-of-hour, second-of-minute and nano-of-second will be unchanged.
	* <li>{@code AMPM_OF_DAY} -
	* Returns a {@code LocalTime} with the specified AM/PM.
	* The hour-of-am-pm, minute-of-hour, second-of-minute and nano-of-second will be unchanged.
	* </ul>
	* <p>
	* In all cases, if the new value is outside the valid range of values for the field
	* then a {@code DateTimeException} will be thrown.
	* <p>
	* All other {@code ChronoField} instances will throw an {@code UnsupportedTemporalTypeException}.
	* <p>
	* If the field is not a {@code ChronoField}, then the result of this method
	* is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalField.adjustInto(Temporal, long)}
	* passing {@code this} as the argument. In this case, the field determines
	* whether and how to adjust the instant.
	* <p>
	* This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
	*
	* @param field the field to set in the result, not null
	* @param newValue the new value of the field in the result
	* @return a {@code LocalTime} based on {@code this} with the specified field set, not null
	* @throws DateTimeException if the field cannot be set
	* @throws UnsupportedTemporalTypeException if the field is not supported
	* @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
	*/
	@Override
	public LocalTime with(TemporalField field, long newValue) {
	if (field instanceof ChronoField) {
	ChronoField f = (ChronoField) field;
	f.checkValidValue(newValue);
	switch (f) {
	case NANO_OF_SECOND: return withNano((int) newValue);
	case NANO_OF_DAY: return LocalTime.ofNanoOfDay(newValue);
	case MICRO_OF_SECOND: return withNano((int) newValue * 1000);
	case MICRO_OF_DAY: return LocalTime.ofNanoOfDay(newValue * 1000);
	case MILLI_OF_SECOND: return withNano((int) newValue * 1000_000);
	case MILLI_OF_DAY: return LocalTime.ofNanoOfDay(newValue * 1000_000);
	case SECOND_OF_MINUTE: return withSecond((int) newValue);
	case SECOND_OF_DAY: return plusSeconds(newValue - toSecondOfDay());
	case MINUTE_OF_HOUR: return withMinute((int) newValue);
	case MINUTE_OF_DAY: return plusMinutes(newValue - (hour * 60 + minute));
	case HOUR_OF_AMPM: return plusHours(newValue - (hour % 12));
	case CLOCK_HOUR_OF_AMPM: return plusHours((newValue == 12 ? 0 : newValue) - (hour % 12));
	case HOUR_OF_DAY: return withHour((int) newValue);
	case CLOCK_HOUR_OF_DAY: return withHour((int) (newValue == 24 ? 0 : newValue));
	case AMPM_OF_DAY: return plusHours((newValue - (hour / 12)) * 12);
	}
	throw new UnsupportedTemporalTypeException("Unsupported field: " + field);
	}
	return field.adjustInto(this, newValue);
	}

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------
	/**
	* Returns a copy of this {@code LocalTime} with the hour-of-day altered.
	* <p>
	* This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
	*
	* @param hour the hour-of-day to set in the result, from 0 to 23
	* @return a {@code LocalTime} based on this time with the requested hour, not null
	* @throws DateTimeException if the hour value is invalid
	*/
	public LocalTime withHour(int hour) {
	if (this.hour == hour) {
	return this;
	}
	HOUR_OF_DAY.checkValidValue(hour);
	return create(hour, minute, second, nano);
	}

	/**
	* Returns a copy of this {@code LocalTime} with the minute-of-hour altered.
	* <p>
	* This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
	*
	* @param minute the minute-of-hour to set in the result, from 0 to 59
	* @return a {@code LocalTime} based on this time with the requested minute, not null
	* @throws DateTimeException if the minute value is invalid
	*/
	public LocalTime withMinute(int minute) {
	if (this.minute == minute) {
	return this;
	}
	MINUTE_OF_HOUR.checkValidValue(minute);
	return create(hour, minute, second, nano);
	}

	/**
	* Returns a copy of this {@code LocalTime} with the second-of-minute altered.
	* <p>
	* This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
	*
	* @param second the second-of-minute to set in the result, from 0 to 59
	* @return a {@code LocalTime} based on this time with the requested second, not null
	* @throws DateTimeException if the second value is invalid
	*/
	public LocalTime withSecond(int second) {
	if (this.second == second) {
	return this;
	}
	SECOND_OF_MINUTE.checkValidValue(second);
	return create(hour, minute, second, nano);
	}

	/**
	* Returns a copy of this {@code LocalTime} with the nano-of-second altered.
	* <p>
	* This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
	*
	* @param nanoOfSecond the nano-of-second to set in the result, from 0 to 999,999,999
	* @return a {@code LocalTime} based on this time with the requested nanosecond, not null
	* @throws DateTimeException if the nanos value is invalid
	*/
	public LocalTime withNano(int nanoOfSecond) {
	if (this.nano == nanoOfSecond) {
	return this;
	}
	NANO_OF_SECOND.checkValidValue(nanoOfSecond);
	return create(hour, minute, second, nanoOfSecond);
	}

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------
	/**
	* Returns a copy of this {@code LocalTime} with the time truncated.
	* <p>
	* Truncation returns a copy of the original time with fields
	* smaller than the specified unit set to zero.
	* For example, truncating with the {@link ChronoUnit#MINUTES minutes} unit
	* will set the second-of-minute and nano-of-second field to zero.
	* <p>
	* The unit must have a {@linkplain TemporalUnit#getDuration() duration}
	* that divides into the length of a standard day without remainder.
	* This includes all supplied time units on {@link ChronoUnit} and
	* {@link ChronoUnit#DAYS DAYS}. Other units throw an exception.
	* <p>
	* This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
	*
	* @param unit the unit to truncate to, not null
	* @return a {@code LocalTime} based on this time with the time truncated, not null
	* @throws DateTimeException if unable to truncate
	* @throws UnsupportedTemporalTypeException if the unit is not supported
	*/
	public LocalTime truncatedTo(TemporalUnit unit) {
	if (unit == ChronoUnit.NANOS) {
	return this;
	}
	Duration unitDur = unit.getDuration();
	if (unitDur.getSeconds() > SECONDS_PER_DAY) {
	throw new UnsupportedTemporalTypeException("Unit is too large to be used for truncation");
	}
	long dur = unitDur.toNanos();
	if ((NANOS_PER_DAY % dur) != 0) {
	throw new UnsupportedTemporalTypeException("Unit must divide into a standard day without remainder");
	}
	long nod = toNanoOfDay();
	return ofNanoOfDay((nod / dur) * dur);
	}

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------
	/**
	* Returns a copy of this time with the specified amount added.
	* <p>
	* This returns a {@code LocalTime}, based on this one, with the specified amount added.
	* The amount is typically {@link Duration} but may be any other type implementing
	* the {@link TemporalAmount} interface.
	* <p>
	* The calculation is delegated to the amount object by calling
	* {@link TemporalAmount#addTo(Temporal)}. The amount implementation is free
	* to implement the addition in any way it wishes, however it typically
	* calls back to {@link #plus(long, TemporalUnit)}. Consult the documentation
	* of the amount implementation to determine if it can be successfully added.
	* <p>
	* This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
	*
	* @param amountToAdd the amount to add, not null
	* @return a {@code LocalTime} based on this time with the addition made, not null
	* @throws DateTimeException if the addition cannot be made
	* @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
	*/
	@Override
	public LocalTime plus(TemporalAmount amountToAdd) {
	return (LocalTime) amountToAdd.addTo(this);
	}

	/**
	* Returns a copy of this time with the specified amount added.
	* <p>
	* This returns a {@code LocalTime}, based on this one, with the amount
	* in terms of the unit added. If it is not possible to add the amount, because the
	* unit is not supported or for some other reason, an exception is thrown.
	* <p>
	* If the field is a {@link ChronoUnit} then the addition is implemented here.
	* The supported fields behave as follows:
	* <ul>
	* <li>{@code NANOS} -
	* Returns a {@code LocalTime} with the specified number of nanoseconds added.
	* This is equivalent to {@link #plusNanos(long)}.
	* <li>{@code MICROS} -
	* Returns a {@code LocalTime} with the specified number of microseconds added.
	* This is equivalent to {@link #plusNanos(long)} with the amount
	* multiplied by 1,000.
	* <li>{@code MILLIS} -
	* Returns a {@code LocalTime} with the specified number of milliseconds added.
	* This is equivalent to {@link #plusNanos(long)} with the amount
	* multiplied by 1,000,000.
	* <li>{@code SECONDS} -
	* Returns a {@code LocalTime} with the specified number of seconds added.
	* This is equivalent to {@link #plusSeconds(long)}.
	* <li>{@code MINUTES} -
	* Returns a {@code LocalTime} with the specified number of minutes added.
	* This is equivalent to {@link #plusMinutes(long)}.
	* <li>{@code HOURS} -
	* Returns a {@code LocalTime} with the specified number of hours added.
	* This is equivalent to {@link #plusHours(long)}.
	* <li>{@code HALF_DAYS} -
	* Returns a {@code LocalTime} with the specified number of half-days added.
	* This is equivalent to {@link #plusHours(long)} with the amount
	* multiplied by 12.
	* </ul>
	* <p>
	* All other {@code ChronoUnit} instances will throw an {@code UnsupportedTemporalTypeException}.
	* <p>
	* If the field is not a {@code ChronoUnit}, then the result of this method
	* is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalUnit.addTo(Temporal, long)}
	* passing {@code this} as the argument. In this case, the unit determines
	* whether and how to perform the addition.
	* <p>
	* This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
	*
	* @param amountToAdd the amount of the unit to add to the result, may be negative
	* @param unit the unit of the amount to add, not null
	* @return a {@code LocalTime} based on this time with the specified amount added, not null
	* @throws DateTimeException if the addition cannot be made
	* @throws UnsupportedTemporalTypeException if the unit is not supported
	* @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
	*/
	@Override
	public LocalTime plus(long amountToAdd, TemporalUnit unit) {
	if (unit instanceof ChronoUnit) {
	switch ((ChronoUnit) unit) {
	case NANOS: return plusNanos(amountToAdd);
	case MICROS: return plusNanos((amountToAdd % MICROS_PER_DAY) * 1000);
	case MILLIS: return plusNanos((amountToAdd % MILLIS_PER_DAY) * 1000_000);
	case SECONDS: return plusSeconds(amountToAdd);
	case MINUTES: return plusMinutes(amountToAdd);
	case HOURS: return plusHours(amountToAdd);
	case HALF_DAYS: return plusHours((amountToAdd % 2) * 12);
	}
	throw new UnsupportedTemporalTypeException("Unsupported unit: " + unit);
	}
	return unit.addTo(this, amountToAdd);
	}

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------
	/**
	* Returns a copy of this {@code LocalTime} with the specified number of hours added.
	* <p>
	* This adds the specified number of hours to this time, returning a new time.
	* The calculation wraps around midnight.
	* <p>
	* This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
	*
	* @param hoursToAdd the hours to add, may be negative
	* @return a {@code LocalTime} based on this time with the hours added, not null
	*/
	public LocalTime plusHours(long hoursToAdd) {
	if (hoursToAdd == 0) {
	return this;
	}
	int newHour = ((int) (hoursToAdd % HOURS_PER_DAY) + hour + HOURS_PER_DAY) % HOURS_PER_DAY;
	return create(newHour, minute, second, nano);
	}

	/**
	* Returns a copy of this {@code LocalTime} with the specified number of minutes added.
	* <p>
	* This adds the specified number of minutes to this time, returning a new time.
	* The calculation wraps around midnight.
	* <p>
	* This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
	*
	* @param minutesToAdd the minutes to add, may be negative
	* @return a {@code LocalTime} based on this time with the minutes added, not null
	*/
	public LocalTime plusMinutes(long minutesToAdd) {
	if (minutesToAdd == 0) {
	return this;
	}
	int mofd = hour * MINUTES_PER_HOUR + minute;
	int newMofd = ((int) (minutesToAdd % MINUTES_PER_DAY) + mofd + MINUTES_PER_DAY) % MINUTES_PER_DAY;
	if (mofd == newMofd) {
	return this;
	}
	int newHour = newMofd / MINUTES_PER_HOUR;
	int newMinute = newMofd % MINUTES_PER_HOUR;
	return create(newHour, newMinute, second, nano);
	}

	/**
	* Returns a copy of this {@code LocalTime} with the specified number of seconds added.
	* <p>
	* This adds the specified number of seconds to this time, returning a new time.
	* The calculation wraps around midnight.
	* <p>
	* This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
	*
	* @param secondstoAdd the seconds to add, may be negative
	* @return a {@code LocalTime} based on this time with the seconds added, not null
	*/
	public LocalTime plusSeconds(long secondstoAdd) {
	if (secondstoAdd == 0) {
	return this;
	}
	int sofd = hour * SECONDS_PER_HOUR +
	minute * SECONDS_PER_MINUTE + second;
	int newSofd = ((int) (secondstoAdd % SECONDS_PER_DAY) + sofd + SECONDS_PER_DAY) % SECONDS_PER_DAY;
	if (sofd == newSofd) {
	return this;
	}
	int newHour = newSofd / SECONDS_PER_HOUR;
	int newMinute = (newSofd / SECONDS_PER_MINUTE) % MINUTES_PER_HOUR;
	int newSecond = newSofd % SECONDS_PER_MINUTE;
	return create(newHour, newMinute, newSecond, nano);
	}

	/**
	* Returns a copy of this {@code LocalTime} with the specified number of nanoseconds added.
	* <p>
	* This adds the specified number of nanoseconds to this time, returning a new time.
	* The calculation wraps around midnight.
	* <p>
	* This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
	*
	* @param nanosToAdd the nanos to add, may be negative
	* @return a {@code LocalTime} based on this time with the nanoseconds added, not null
	*/
	public LocalTime plusNanos(long nanosToAdd) {
	if (nanosToAdd == 0) {
	return this;
	}
	long nofd = toNanoOfDay();
	long newNofd = ((nanosToAdd % NANOS_PER_DAY) + nofd + NANOS_PER_DAY) % NANOS_PER_DAY;
	if (nofd == newNofd) {
	return this;
	}
	int newHour = (int) (newNofd / NANOS_PER_HOUR);
	int newMinute = (int) ((newNofd / NANOS_PER_MINUTE) % MINUTES_PER_HOUR);
	int newSecond = (int) ((newNofd / NANOS_PER_SECOND) % SECONDS_PER_MINUTE);
	int newNano = (int) (newNofd % NANOS_PER_SECOND);
	return create(newHour, newMinute, newSecond, newNano);
	}

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------
	/**
	* Returns a copy of this time with the specified amount subtracted.
	* <p>
	* This returns a {@code LocalTime}, based on this one, with the specified amount subtracted.
	* The amount is typically {@link Duration} but may be any other type implementing
	* the {@link TemporalAmount} interface.
	* <p>
	* The calculation is delegated to the amount object by calling
	* {@link TemporalAmount#subtractFrom(Temporal)}. The amount implementation is free
	* to implement the subtraction in any way it wishes, however it typically
	* calls back to {@link #minus(long, TemporalUnit)}. Consult the documentation
	* of the amount implementation to determine if it can be successfully subtracted.
	* <p>
	* This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
	*
	* @param amountToSubtract the amount to subtract, not null
	* @return a {@code LocalTime} based on this time with the subtraction made, not null
	* @throws DateTimeException if the subtraction cannot be made
	* @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
	*/
	@Override
	public LocalTime minus(TemporalAmount amountToSubtract) {
	return (LocalTime) amountToSubtract.subtractFrom(this);
	}

	/**
	* Returns a copy of this time with the specified amount subtracted.
	* <p>
	* This returns a {@code LocalTime}, based on this one, with the amount
	* in terms of the unit subtracted. If it is not possible to subtract the amount,
	* because the unit is not supported or for some other reason, an exception is thrown.
	* <p>
	* This method is equivalent to {@link #plus(long, TemporalUnit)} with the amount negated.
	* See that method for a full description of how addition, and thus subtraction, works.
	* <p>
	* This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
	*
	* @param amountToSubtract the amount of the unit to subtract from the result, may be negative
	* @param unit the unit of the amount to subtract, not null
	* @return a {@code LocalTime} based on this time with the specified amount subtracted, not null
	* @throws DateTimeException if the subtraction cannot be made
	* @throws UnsupportedTemporalTypeException if the unit is not supported
	* @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
	*/
	@Override
	public LocalTime minus(long amountToSubtract, TemporalUnit unit) {
	return (amountToSubtract == Long.MIN_VALUE ? plus(Long.MAX_VALUE, unit).plus(1, unit) : plus(-amountToSubtract, unit));
	}

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------
	/**
	* Returns a copy of this {@code LocalTime} with the specified number of hours subtracted.
	* <p>
	* This subtracts the specified number of hours from this time, returning a new time.
	* The calculation wraps around midnight.
	* <p>
	* This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
	*
	* @param hoursToSubtract the hours to subtract, may be negative
	* @return a {@code LocalTime} based on this time with the hours subtracted, not null
	*/
	public LocalTime minusHours(long hoursToSubtract) {
	return plusHours(-(hoursToSubtract % HOURS_PER_DAY));
	}

	/**
	* Returns a copy of this {@code LocalTime} with the specified number of minutes subtracted.
	* <p>
	* This subtracts the specified number of minutes from this time, returning a new time.
	* The calculation wraps around midnight.
	* <p>
	* This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
	*
	* @param minutesToSubtract the minutes to subtract, may be negative
	* @return a {@code LocalTime} based on this time with the minutes subtracted, not null
	*/
	public LocalTime minusMinutes(long minutesToSubtract) {
	return plusMinutes(-(minutesToSubtract % MINUTES_PER_DAY));
	}

	/**
	* Returns a copy of this {@code LocalTime} with the specified number of seconds subtracted.
	* <p>
	* This subtracts the specified number of seconds from this time, returning a new time.
	* The calculation wraps around midnight.
	* <p>
	* This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
	*
	* @param secondsToSubtract the seconds to subtract, may be negative
	* @return a {@code LocalTime} based on this time with the seconds subtracted, not null
	*/
	public LocalTime minusSeconds(long secondsToSubtract) {
	return plusSeconds(-(secondsToSubtract % SECONDS_PER_DAY));
	}

	/**
	* Returns a copy of this {@code LocalTime} with the specified number of nanoseconds subtracted.
	* <p>
	* This subtracts the specified number of nanoseconds from this time, returning a new time.
	* The calculation wraps around midnight.
	* <p>
	* This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
	*
	* @param nanosToSubtract the nanos to subtract, may be negative
	* @return a {@code LocalTime} based on this time with the nanoseconds subtracted, not null
	*/
	public LocalTime minusNanos(long nanosToSubtract) {
	return plusNanos(-(nanosToSubtract % NANOS_PER_DAY));
	}

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------
	/**
	* Queries this time using the specified query.
	* <p>
	* This queries this time using the specified query strategy object.
	* The {@code TemporalQuery} object defines the logic to be used to
	* obtain the result. Read the documentation of the query to understand
	* what the result of this method will be.
	* <p>
	* The result of this method is obtained by invoking the
	* {@link TemporalQuery#queryFrom(TemporalAccessor)} method on the
	* specified query passing {@code this} as the argument.
	*
	* @param <R> the type of the result
	* @param query the query to invoke, not null
	* @return the query result, null may be returned (defined by the query)
	* @throws DateTimeException if unable to query (defined by the query)
	* @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs (defined by the query)
	*/
	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	@Override
	public <R> R query(TemporalQuery<R> query) {
	if (query == TemporalQueries.chronology() \|\| query == TemporalQueries.zoneId() \|\|
	query == TemporalQueries.zone() \|\| query == TemporalQueries.offset()) {
	return null;
	} else if (query == TemporalQueries.localTime()) {
	return (R) this;
	} else if (query == TemporalQueries.localDate()) {
	return null;
	} else if (query == TemporalQueries.precision()) {
	return (R) NANOS;
	}
	// inline TemporalAccessor.super.query(query) as an optimization
	// non-JDK classes are not permitted to make this optimization
	return query.queryFrom(this);
	}

	/**
	* Adjusts the specified temporal object to have the same time as this object.
	* <p>
	* This returns a temporal object of the same observable type as the input
	* with the time changed to be the same as this.
	* <p>
	* The adjustment is equivalent to using {@link Temporal#with(TemporalField, long)}
	* passing {@link ChronoField#NANO_OF_DAY} as the field.
	* <p>
	* In most cases, it is clearer to reverse the calling pattern by using
	* {@link Temporal#with(TemporalAdjuster)}:
	* <pre>
	* // these two lines are equivalent, but the second approach is recommended
	* temporal = thisLocalTime.adjustInto(temporal);
	* temporal = temporal.with(thisLocalTime);
	* </pre>
	* <p>
	* This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
	*
	* @param temporal the target object to be adjusted, not null
	* @return the adjusted object, not null
	* @throws DateTimeException if unable to make the adjustment
	* @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
	*/
	@Override
	public Temporal adjustInto(Temporal temporal) {
	return temporal.with(NANO_OF_DAY, toNanoOfDay());
	}

	/**
	* Calculates the amount of time until another time in terms of the specified unit.
	* <p>
	* This calculates the amount of time between two {@code LocalTime}
	* objects in terms of a single {@code TemporalUnit}.
	* The start and end points are {@code this} and the specified time.
	* The result will be negative if the end is before the start.
	* The {@code Temporal} passed to this method is converted to a
	* {@code LocalTime} using {@link #from(TemporalAccessor)}.
	* For example, the amount in hours between two times can be calculated
	* using {@code startTime.until(endTime, HOURS)}.
	* <p>
	* The calculation returns a whole number, representing the number of
	* complete units between the two times.
	* For example, the amount in hours between 11:30 and 13:29 will only
	* be one hour as it is one minute short of two hours.
	* <p>
	* There are two equivalent ways of using this method.
	* The first is to invoke this method.
	* The second is to use {@link TemporalUnit#between(Temporal, Temporal)}:
	* <pre>
	* // these two lines are equivalent
	* amount = start.until(end, MINUTES);
	* amount = MINUTES.between(start, end);
	* </pre>
	* The choice should be made based on which makes the code more readable.
	* <p>
	* The calculation is implemented in this method for {@link ChronoUnit}.
	* The units {@code NANOS}, {@code MICROS}, {@code MILLIS}, {@code SECONDS},
	* {@code MINUTES}, {@code HOURS} and {@code HALF_DAYS} are supported.
	* Other {@code ChronoUnit} values will throw an exception.
	* <p>
	* If the unit is not a {@code ChronoUnit}, then the result of this method
	* is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalUnit.between(Temporal, Temporal)}
	* passing {@code this} as the first argument and the converted input temporal
	* as the second argument.
	* <p>
	* This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
	*
	* @param endExclusive the end time, exclusive, which is converted to a {@code LocalTime}, not null
	* @param unit the unit to measure the amount in, not null
	* @return the amount of time between this time and the end time
	* @throws DateTimeException if the amount cannot be calculated, or the end
	* temporal cannot be converted to a {@code LocalTime}
	* @throws UnsupportedTemporalTypeException if the unit is not supported
	* @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
	*/
	@Override
	public long until(Temporal endExclusive, TemporalUnit unit) {
	LocalTime end = LocalTime.from(endExclusive);
	if (unit instanceof ChronoUnit) {
	long nanosUntil = end.toNanoOfDay() - toNanoOfDay(); // no overflow
	switch ((ChronoUnit) unit) {
	case NANOS: return nanosUntil;
	case MICROS: return nanosUntil / 1000;
	case MILLIS: return nanosUntil / 1000_000;
	case SECONDS: return nanosUntil / NANOS_PER_SECOND;
	case MINUTES: return nanosUntil / NANOS_PER_MINUTE;
	case HOURS: return nanosUntil / NANOS_PER_HOUR;
	case HALF_DAYS: return nanosUntil / (12 * NANOS_PER_HOUR);
	}
	throw new UnsupportedTemporalTypeException("Unsupported unit: " + unit);
	}
	return unit.between(this, end);
	}

	/**
	* Formats this time using the specified formatter.
	* <p>
	* This time will be passed to the formatter to produce a string.
	*
	* @param formatter the formatter to use, not null
	* @return the formatted time string, not null
	* @throws DateTimeException if an error occurs during printing
	*/
	public String format(DateTimeFormatter formatter) {
	Objects.requireNonNull(formatter, "formatter");
	return formatter.format(this);
	}

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------
	/**
	* Combines this time with a date to create a {@code LocalDateTime}.
	* <p>
	* This returns a {@code LocalDateTime} formed from this time at the specified date.
	* All possible combinations of date and time are valid.
	*
	* @param date the date to combine with, not null
	* @return the local date-time formed from this time and the specified date, not null
	*/
	public LocalDateTime atDate(LocalDate date) {
	return LocalDateTime.of(date, this);
	}

	/**
	* Combines this time with an offset to create an {@code OffsetTime}.
	* <p>
	* This returns an {@code OffsetTime} formed from this time at the specified offset.
	* All possible combinations of time and offset are valid.
	*
	* @param offset the offset to combine with, not null
	* @return the offset time formed from this time and the specified offset, not null
	*/
	public OffsetTime atOffset(ZoneOffset offset) {
	return OffsetTime.of(this, offset);
	}

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------
	/**
	* Extracts the time as seconds of day,
	* from {@code 0} to {@code 24 * 60 * 60 - 1}.
	*
	* @return the second-of-day equivalent to this time
	*/
	public int toSecondOfDay() {
	int total = hour * SECONDS_PER_HOUR;
	total += minute * SECONDS_PER_MINUTE;
	total += second;
	return total;
	}

	/**
	* Extracts the time as nanos of day,
	* from {@code 0} to {@code 24 * 60 * 60 * 1,000,000,000 - 1}.
	*
	* @return the nano of day equivalent to this time
	*/
	public long toNanoOfDay() {
	long total = hour * NANOS_PER_HOUR;
	total += minute * NANOS_PER_MINUTE;
	total += second * NANOS_PER_SECOND;
	total += nano;
	return total;
	}

	/**
	* Converts this {@code LocalTime} to the number of seconds since the epoch
	* of 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z.
	* <p>
	* This combines this local time with the specified date and
	* offset to calculate the epoch-second value, which is the
	* number of elapsed seconds from 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z.
	* Instants on the time-line after the epoch are positive, earlier
	* are negative.
	*
	* @param date the local date, not null
	* @param offset the zone offset, not null
	* @return the number of seconds since the epoch of 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z, may be negative
	* @since 9
	*/
	public long toEpochSecond(LocalDate date, ZoneOffset offset) {
	Objects.requireNonNull(date, "date");
	Objects.requireNonNull(offset, "offset");
	long epochDay = date.toEpochDay();
	long secs = epochDay * 86400 + toSecondOfDay();
	secs -= offset.getTotalSeconds();
	return secs;
	}

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------
	/**
	* Compares this time to another time.
	* <p>
	* The comparison is based on the time-line position of the local times within a day.
	* It is "consistent with equals", as defined by {@link Comparable}.
	*
	* @param other the other time to compare to, not null
	* @return the comparator value, negative if less, positive if greater
	*/
	@Override
	public int compareTo(LocalTime other) {
	int cmp = Integer.compare(hour, other.hour);
	if (cmp == 0) {
	cmp = Integer.compare(minute, other.minute);
	if (cmp == 0) {
	cmp = Integer.compare(second, other.second);
	if (cmp == 0) {
	cmp = Integer.compare(nano, other.nano);
	}
	}
	}
	return cmp;
	}

	/**
	* Checks if this time is after the specified time.
	* <p>
	* The comparison is based on the time-line position of the time within a day.
	*
	* @param other the other time to compare to, not null
	* @return true if this is after the specified time
	*/
	public boolean isAfter(LocalTime other) {
	return compareTo(other) > 0;
	}

	/**
	* Checks if this time is before the specified time.
	* <p>
	* The comparison is based on the time-line position of the time within a day.
	*
	* @param other the other time to compare to, not null
	* @return true if this point is before the specified time
	*/
	public boolean isBefore(LocalTime other) {
	return compareTo(other) < 0;
	}

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------
	/**
	* Checks if this time is equal to another time.
	* <p>
	* The comparison is based on the time-line position of the time within a day.
	* <p>
	* Only objects of type {@code LocalTime} are compared, other types return false.
	* To compare the date of two {@code TemporalAccessor} instances, use
	* {@link ChronoField#NANO_OF_DAY} as a comparator.
	*
	* @param obj the object to check, null returns false
	* @return true if this is equal to the other time
	*/
	@Override
	public boolean equals(Object obj) {
	if (this == obj) {
	return true;
	}
	if (obj instanceof LocalTime) {
	LocalTime other = (LocalTime) obj;
	return hour == other.hour && minute == other.minute &&
	second == other.second && nano == other.nano;
	}
	return false;
	}

	/**
	* A hash code for this time.
	*
	* @return a suitable hash code
	*/
	@Override
	public int hashCode() {
	long nod = toNanoOfDay();
	return (int) (nod ^ (nod >>> 32));
	}

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------
	/**
	* Outputs this time as a {@code String}, such as {@code 10:15}.
	* <p>
	* The output will be one of the following ISO-8601 formats:
	* <ul>
	* <li>{@code HH:mm}</li>
	* <li>{@code HH:mm:ss}</li>
	* <li>{@code HH:mm:ss.SSS}</li>
	* <li>{@code HH:mm:ss.SSSSSS}</li>
	* <li>{@code HH:mm:ss.SSSSSSSSS}</li>
	* </ul>
	* The format used will be the shortest that outputs the full value of
	* the time where the omitted parts are implied to be zero.
	*
	* @return a string representation of this time, not null
	*/
	@Override
	public String toString() {
	StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(18);
	int hourValue = hour;
	int minuteValue = minute;
	int secondValue = second;
	int nanoValue = nano;
	buf.append(hourValue < 10 ? "0" : "").append(hourValue)
	.append(minuteValue < 10 ? ":0" : ":").append(minuteValue);
	if (secondValue > 0 \|\| nanoValue > 0) {
	buf.append(secondValue < 10 ? ":0" : ":").append(secondValue);
	if (nanoValue > 0) {
	buf.append('.');
	if (nanoValue % 1000_000 == 0) {
	buf.append(Integer.toString((nanoValue / 1000_000) + 1000).substring(1));
	} else if (nanoValue % 1000 == 0) {
	buf.append(Integer.toString((nanoValue / 1000) + 1000_000).substring(1));
	} else {
	buf.append(Integer.toString((nanoValue) + 1000_000_000).substring(1));
	}
	}
	}
	return buf.toString();
	}

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------
	/**
	* Writes the object using a
	* <a href="../../serialized-form.html#java.time.Ser">dedicated serialized form</a>.
	* @serialData
	* A twos-complement value indicates the remaining values are not in the stream
	* and should be set to zero.
	* <pre>
	* out.writeByte(4); // identifies a LocalTime
	* if (nano == 0) {
	* if (second == 0) {
	* if (minute == 0) {
	* out.writeByte(~hour);
	* } else {
	* out.writeByte(hour);
	* out.writeByte(~minute);
	* }
	* } else {
	* out.writeByte(hour);
	* out.writeByte(minute);
	* out.writeByte(~second);
	* }
	* } else {
	* out.writeByte(hour);
	* out.writeByte(minute);
	* out.writeByte(second);
	* out.writeInt(nano);
	* }
	* </pre>
	*
	* @return the instance of {@code Ser}, not null
	*/
	private Object writeReplace() {
	return new Ser(Ser.LOCAL_TIME_TYPE, this);
	}

	/**
	* Defend against malicious streams.
	*
	* @param s the stream to read
	* @throws InvalidObjectException always
	*/
	private void readObject(ObjectInputStream s) throws InvalidObjectException {
	throw new InvalidObjectException("Deserialization via serialization delegate");
	}

	void writeExternal(DataOutput out) throws IOException {
	if (nano == 0) {
	if (second == 0) {
	if (minute == 0) {
	out.writeByte(~hour);
	} else {
	out.writeByte(hour);
	out.writeByte(~minute);
	}
	} else {
	out.writeByte(hour);
	out.writeByte(minute);
	out.writeByte(~second);
	}
	} else {
	out.writeByte(hour);
	out.writeByte(minute);
	out.writeByte(second);
	out.writeInt(nano);
	}
	}

	static LocalTime readExternal(DataInput in) throws IOException {
	int hour = in.readByte();
	int minute = 0;
	int second = 0;
	int nano = 0;
	if (hour < 0) {
	hour = ~hour;
	} else {
	minute = in.readByte();
	if (minute < 0) {
	minute = ~minute;
	} else {
	second = in.readByte();
	if (second < 0) {
	second = ~second;
	} else {
	nano = in.readInt();
	}
	}
	}
	return LocalTime.of(hour, minute, second, nano);
	}

	}

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